Neoplasia I (.Doc + .ppt) Flashcards
5 adjectives that describe neoplasms:
in order of importance
- autonomous
- irreversible (once you go autonomous you never go back)
- clonal (from a single cell gone baaad)
- Benign (or)
- Malignant
Benign or Malignant?
Commonly causes destruction of surrounding tissue
malignant
Benign or Malignant?
Cohesive, expansile local growth
benign
Benign or Malignant?
Progessively infiltrative, local growth
Malignant
Benign or Malignant?
Commonly has a fibrous capsule
benign
Benign or Malignant?
Rounded margins
benign
Benign or Malignant?
Metastasis
malignant
What is metastasis?
Secondary site of tumor discontinuous with the primary site
3 patterns of metastatic spread:
Lymphatic (to regional lymph nodes)
Hematogenous (to lung/liver)
Seeding (body cavities or surfaces)
Type of metastasis that is typical of sarcoma:
Hematogenous
Type of metastasis that is typical of ovarian carcinoma:
Seeding
Type of metastasis that is typical of carcinomas:
Lymphatic
Malignant neoplasm of epithelial cells
CARCINOMA
Malignant neoplasm of mesenchyme-derived tissue
SARCOMA
mesenchyme = connective tissue, including bone, cartilage, blood vessels, etc.
Mixed germ cell tumor
teratoma
Neoplasm containing components of more than one germ cell layer (usually all three)
TERATOMA
layers = ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
Mass of mature but disorganized tissue indigenous to its site
HAMARTOMA
developmental anomaly*
Mass of normal tissue present outside its normal site
CHORISTOMA
or an “ectopic rest”
Chondroma
cartilaginous hamartoma
Macroscopic projection above mucosal surface
POLYP
Term for “on a stalk” (adj)
Pedunculated
Term for “flat, like a plateau” (adj)
Sessile
Benign epithelial neoplasm forming glands or derived from glands
ADENOMA
Lack of visible differentiation of malignant tumor cells
ANAPLASIA