Neoplasia (Day 3)

Question 1

What does BCL-2 and BCL-XL normally do for the body?

Answer 1

Inhibits apoptosis

Question 2

What does p53 normally do for the body?

Answer 2

Initiate apoptosis

Question 3

What does BAX and BAK normally do for the body?

Answer 3

Initiates apoptosis

Question 4

If there is a defect in BLC-2 what type of cancer evolves?

Answer 4

Follicular Lymphoma (t14;18)

Question 5

What is the second most frequently mutated gene in human cancer after p53?

Answer 5

PTEN

Question 6

When there is a defect in DNA mismatch repair genes (MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2), what type of cancer develops?

Answer 6

HNPCC (Lynch Syndrome) - Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer

MSH2 MOST IMPORTANT

Question 7

Failure of nucleotide excision repair (which will not repair UV light damage to DNA) leads to what type of disease?

Answer 7

Xeroderma Pigmentosum

Question 8

What is the most common form of hereditary colorectal cancer? What else is mutated in 70% of these cancers?

Answer 8

• HNPCC

- TGFBR2

Question 9

This disease has a mutation in ATM, which leads to defective dsDNA repair by homologous recombination.

Answer 9

Ataxia Telangiectasia (Lymphoma)

Question 10

What is the #1 cancer for men and the #1 cancer for women?

Answer 10

• Prostate cancer

- Breast cancer

Question 11

What is the #1 cancer for BOTH men and women?

Answer 11

Lung Cancer

Question 12

What is the difference between a fast vs slow spreading leukemia?

Answer 12

Acute Leukemia (Fast) : Young Patients
Chronic Leukemia (Slow): Older Patients

Question 13

Hodgkin Lymphoma is usually seen in what type of demographic?

Answer 13

Teens or young male adults

Question 14

Any cancer with “blast” within the disease means what?

Answer 14

Primitive Precursors were present.

Question 15

Being exposed to Benzo [a] pyrene (p450 CYP1A1) leads to what?

Answer 15

Lung Cancer (in smokers)

Question 16

Being exposed to Chloroform (CCl3H) or Carbon Tetrachloride leads to what?

Answer 16

Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Question 17

Being exposed to the benzene in paint leads to what?

Answer 17

Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Question 18

Being exposed to B-Naphthylamine can lead to what?

Answer 18

Transitional Cell Bladder Cancer

Question 19

Being exposed to polycyclic hydrocarbons can lead to what?

Answer 19

Lung and Bladder Cancer

Question 20

Being exposed to Arsenic can cause what?

Answer 20

• Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation OR

- Lung, Bladder, and Skin (palm/sole) Cancer

Question 21

Being exposed to vinyl chloride, arsenic and Thorotrast (VAT) can lead to what?

Answer 21

Angiosarcoma of Liver

Question 22

What type of cancers are most at risk when someone is exposed to ionizing radiation?

Answer 22

Bone Marrow or Hematopoietic System (since they are always dividing)

Question 23

What type of cancer are uranium miners most at risk to?

Answer 23

Lung Cancer

Question 24

What type of cancer are atom bomb survivors most at risk to?

Answer 24

Leukemias