Neoplasia

Question 1

Formation of abundant collagenous stroma

Answer 1

Desmoplasia

Question 2

Benign tumor like condition but disorganized and indigenous tissue

Answer 2

Hamartoma

Question 3

Tumor like condition that is cytologically and architecturally normal

Ectopic origin

Answer 3

Choristoma

Question 4

Lack of differentiation of cells that is considered the hallmark of malignancy

Answer 4

Anaplasia

Question 5

Full thickness dysplasia WITHOUT invasion of basement membrane

Answer 5

Dysplasia

Question 6

True or False:

All metaplastic epithelium is dysplastic

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Primary route of metastasis for carcinomas

Answer 7

Lymphatic

Question 8

Primary route of metastasis for sarcomas

Answer 8

Hematogenous

Question 9

Most common incidence of cancer for children

Answer 9

ALL

Question 10

Most common incidence of cancer for women

Answer 10

Breast

Question 11

Most common incidence of cancer for males

Answer 11

Prostate

Question 12

Most common cause of death of cancer for women and men

Answer 12

Lung

Question 13

Normal cellular genes whose products promote cell proliferation

Answer 13

Proto-oncogenes

Question 14

Mutated or overexpressed versions of proto-oncogenes that function autonomously

Answer 14

Oncogenes

Question 15

Most common type of abnormality involving proto-oncogenes in human tumors

Answer 15

RAS mutation

Question 16

Another fundamental hallmark of carcinogenesis, these apply breaks to cell proliferation

Answer 16

Tumor suppressor genes

Question 17

Tumor suppressor gene that is the governor of the cell cycle

Answer 17

Rb gene

Question 18

Tumor suppressor gene that is called the guardian of the genome

Answer 18

p53

Question 19

Rb gene binds to E2F and render cells impossible to pass this cell cycle checkpoint

Answer 19

G1-S

Question 20

Central monitor of stress in the cell, activated by anoxia, inappropriate signaling by mutated oncoproteins or by DNA damage

Answer 20

p53

Question 21

This syndrome is caused by inactivation of p53 that predisposes a person to many cancers

Answer 21

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Question 22

Aerobic glycolysis unique to cancer cells that provide carbon moieties necessary for biosynthesis and growth of cancer cells

Answer 22

Warburg metabolism

Question 23

Overexpressionof BCL2 apoprotic protein that induces proliferation of germinal center B cells without apoptosis

Answer 23

BCL 2

Question 24

Stimulates synthesis of VEGF for angiogenesis

Answer 24

RAS
MYC
MAPK

Question 25

Responsible for cell to cell adhesion Loss of function responsible for invasive lobular breaat cancer and diffuse type gastric CA

Answer 25

E-Cadherin

Question 26

Released from immune cells and primary suspect for cancer cachexia

Answer 26

TNF- a

Question 27

Most common vascular tumor of infancy

Answer 27

Hemangioma

Question 28

Most common teratoma of childhood

Answer 28

Sacrococcygeal teratoma

Question 29

Top 3 malignancies in children

Answer 29

Leukemias Neuroblastoma Wilms tumor

Question 30

Most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood

Answer 30

Neuroblastoma

Question 31

Most common site of neuroblastoma

Answer 31

Adrenal medulla

Question 32

Tumor cells in neuroblastoma that are around a central space filled with neutrophils

Answer 32

Homer-Wright pseudorosettes

Question 33

Extracranial solid tumor in children Abdominal mass that crosses the midline Fever, weight loss, produces catecholamines, blueberry muffin baby Homer Wright rosettes

Answer 33

Neuroblastoma

Question 34

Molecular event in neuroblastoma with the most profound impact on prognosis

Answer 34

MYCN amplification

Question 35

Most common primary renal tumor of childhood

Answer 35

Wilms tumor

Question 36

``` Unilateral mass Hematuria Hypertension Peak:2-5 years Classic triphasic tumor ```

Answer 36

Wilms tumor