Neoplasia

Question 1

What urine output (ml/hr) is concerning and what does it mean

Answer 1

30ml/hr or less = kidney distress

Question 2

What creatinine level is concerning

Answer 2

Over 1.3= bad kidney

Question 3

BUN level that is concerning for renal toxicity.

Answer 3

Over 20.

Question 4

Mutations to the suppressor gene P53 is associated with what types of cancers

Answer 4

Breast, lung, brain, colon, bone

Question 5

The word neoplasm is often used interchangeably with what word

Answer 5

Tumor

Question 6

What are the three goals of chemotherapy

Answer 6

Cure, control, palliative

Question 7

What is adjuvant chemotherapy

Answer 7

Administration of antineoplastic drugs after surfer or radiation

Question 8

A patient is diagnosed with neutropenia. What would there neutrophil count be at?

Answer 8

Less than 1500 cells/mL

Question 9

What are patient susceptible to if they are neutropenic?

Answer 9

Infections.

Question 10

Nitrogen mustards and nitrosoureasare two types of drugs in what antineoplastic class of medication?

Answer 10

Alkylating agents

Question 11

Pharmacologic class and type, and common adverse effects of
Cyclophosphamide

Answer 11

Alkylating agent; nitrogen mustard.

Bone marrow suppression, risk for infection, alopecia, thrombocytopenia (low platelet count-risk for bleeds).

Nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and diarrhea are frequently experienced side effects.

Question 12

What are the three classes of antimetabolites

Answer 12

Folic acid analogs
Purine analogs
Pyrimidine analogs

Question 13

Pharmacologic class and type of
Methotrexate
And administration alerts
Black box warning

Answer 13

Antimetabolite- folic acid analog

Avoid skin exposure to drug
Avoid inhaling drug particles
Pregnancy cat x

Don’t combine with NSAIDs
Hepatotoxic
Intestinal perforation potential if ulcerative stomatitis and diarrhea occur
Pneumocystis pneumonia may occur
Steven Johnson’s syndrome
Malignant lymphomas can occur
AKI

Question 14

What can be done if an overdoes of methotrexate occurs

Answer 14

Leucovorin can be administered to protect healthy cells or to protect against bone marrow damage. Urine may be alkalinized to protect kidneys.

Question 15

Pharmacologic class of Doxorubicin
Include administration alerts
Adverse effects

Answer 15

Antitumor antibiotic

Extravasation can cause extensive damage (it is a vesicant)
Skin contact treated immediately washed with soap. Apply ice.

Significant cardio toxicity
Local necrosis if extravasation occurs

Question 16

What are mitotic inhibitors and the three subdivisions

Answer 16

Natural agents that have antineoplastic activity to prevent cell division

Vinca alkaloids
Taxanes
Topisomerase inhibitors.