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Spring > 402 Exam 2 > Flashcards

402 Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter of what system

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

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2
Q

Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter of what system

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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3
Q

Cholinergic receptors are a part of what nervous system division

A

Parasympathetic nervous system

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4
Q

Adrenergic receptors are a part of what do ion of the nervous system

A

Sympathetic nervous system

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5
Q

If the parasympathetic nervous at this activated, what responses would you find with : pupils, salivary glands, heart rate, bronchioles, digestion, gallbladder, urinary bladder, and reproductive organs

A

Pupil constricts
Salivation stimulated
Heart rate slows
Bronchioles constrict
Digestion stimulated
Gallbladder stimulated
Bladder constricts
Erection and vaginal lubrication

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6
Q

What drugs stimulate the parasympathetic nervous system

A

Cholinergic agents or parasympathomimetics

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7
Q

What drugs inhibit parasympathetic nervous system

A

Cholinergic blocking agents, Anticholinergics, parasympatholytics, or muscadine blockers.

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8
Q

Bethanechol (Urecholine) is what kind of a medication and for what

A

No obstructive urinary retention drug
Muscadine cholinergic receptor drug

Activates parasympathetic nervous system used for glaucoma, urinary retention, myasthenia gravis and Alzheimer’s.
Effects mostly the digestive and urinary tracts to stimulate the smooth muscle contraction.
Useful following general anesthesia to increase GI contractions
And in urinary retention due to lack of muscle tone

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9
Q

Adverse effects of cholinergic drugs

A

Salivation, sweating
Lacrimation
Urinary frequency
Diarrhea
GI effects
Emelia
Decreased heart rate and BP

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10
Q

What needs to be monitored after cholinergic administration

A

BP, pulse, and respirations

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11
Q

Extreme caution when administering Bethanechol with what disorders

A

Active ulcer
Suspected obstruction
Inflammatory disease

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12
Q

What is the treatment for an overdose of Bethanechol

A

Atropine sulfate (Anticholinergics drug)
Subq or iv

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13
Q

Nursing considerations for cholinergic administration

A

Monitor liver enzymes
Calculate and monitor doses
Monitor intake and output
Monitor for blurred vision
Monitor for orthostatic hypotension

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14
Q

What type of drug suppresses the parasympathetic division and induces fight or flight symptoms and inhibits parasympathetic impulses

A

Anticholinergics

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15
Q

What are some anticholinergic drug uses

A

PUD
Ophthalmic procedures
Heart rhythm abnormalities
Anesthesia adjunct
Asthma copd
Overactive bladder
Parkinson’s

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16
Q

What are nursing considerations for anticholinergic drugs

A

Monitor muscle strength and neuromuscular status
Monitor ptosis, diploma, and chewing
Schedule medication around meals
Schedule activities to avoid fatigue
Monitor for muscle weakness

17
Q

Atropine is what type of drug used for what

A

Antidote for anticholinesterase poisoning
Muscadine cholinergic receptor blocker

Inhibits PNS

18
Q

What are adverse effects of atropine

A

Can’t see
Can’t pee
Can’t spit
Can’t shit
Tachycardia, cns stimulation (delirium/coma) decrease sweating.

19
Q

What needs to be monitored with Atropine administration subq and Iv

A

BP, pulse, and respirations for at least one hour (will be increased)

20
Q

Patients with glaucoma should or should not take atropine?

A

Not. It can increase pressure within eye

21
Q

Atropine can do what interaction with antihistamines

A

Increase the effects

22
Q

Treatment of atropine od

A

Short acting barbiturate or diazepam to control convulsions
physostigmine is an antidote; quickly reverses coma caused by large amounts of atropine.

23
Q

Parasympathomimetics are contraindicated in patients with

A

Parkinson’s
BPH or urinary obstructive disorders.
PUD
Bradycardia
Asthma

24
Q

Parasympathomimetics increase PSNS

Parasympatholytics inhibit PSNS

A

Yep

25
Q

With Parkinson’s disease would you use a parasympatholytic or parasympathomimetic

A

Parasympatholytic!

26
Q

Sympathomimetics activate what

A

Sympathetic nervous system
(Fight or flight)

27
Q

Drugs targeting Alpha 1 receptor in SNS activate what

A

Pupillary dilation and vasoconstriction

28
Q

Drugs targeting the alpha 2 receptors of the SNS activate what response

A

Inhibition of the release of norepinephrine

29
Q

Targeting the beta 1 receptors of the SNS activates what responses

A

Increased heart rate
Increased contractility
Release of renin from kidneys

30
Q

Targeting beta 2 receptors of the SNS activates what response

A

Inhibition of smooth muscle

31
Q

Targeting beta 3 receptors in the SNS activates what responses

A

Lipolysis (breakdown fat)
Relaxation of detrusor muscle (in bladder)

32
Q

Contraindications for sympathomimetics

A

Narrow angle glaucoma
Heart disease

33
Q

Sympathlytics do what

A

Decrease the SNS reactions

34
Q

Prior to administering any pharmacology therapy for TB what baseline testing should be done

A

Liver function
Vision
Hearing

35
Q

Latent TB is contagious
True or false

A

False.

36
Q

What is trachoma

A

Chronic conjunctivitis caused by chlamydia.

Spring (11 decks)

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