Neoplasia

Question 1

Common GF mutations

Answer 1

Glioblastoma

Question 2

Common GFR mutations

Answer 2

Her2 In breast and lung cancers

Ebbr1 in non small cell lung cancer

Question 3

Mutation in TKSTF

Answer 3

Ras gene in pancreatic, colorectal and lung
BRAF gene in upper limb
P13K in breast cancer

Question 4

Mutation in NTKSTF

Answer 4

ABL- Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Question 5

Mutation in TF

Answer 5

MYC in Burkett cell lymphoma

Question 6

Mutation in RB gene

Answer 6

Retinoblastoma in the eye

Breast, small cell lung, bladder, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma

Question 7

Mutation in p53

Answer 7

In lung, breast, stomach, colorectal

Question 8

Asbestos

Answer 8

lung cancer, mesothelioma

Question 9

Vinyl chloride

Answer 9

Hepatic angiosarcoma

Question 10

Cigarette

Answer 10

Lung
Pharynx
Larynx
Esophagus 
Bladder
Mouth 
Pancreas

Question 11

Alcohol abuse

Answer 11

Liver
Larynx
Oropharynx
Esophagus

Question 12

Venereal infection

Answer 12

Cervical cancer

Question 13

Obesity

Answer 13

Colon and endometrial carcinoma

Question 14

Familial cancer

Answer 14

carcinoma of:
colon
breast
ovary
brain 
melanoma

Question 15

Cancer in children less than 15 years old

Answer 15

acute leukemia, central nervous system tumors, neuroblastoma, wilm’s tumour, retinoblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma

Question 16

Hereditary non poly posits cancer syndrome

Answer 16

Colon
Ovary
Small intestine
Endomertrium

Question 17

Lack of BRCA genes

Answer 17

Chromosomal breaks

Severe aneuploidy

Question 18

dermoid cyst

Answer 18

ovarian cystic teratoma

Question 19

Carcinogenesis founder

Answer 19

Sir Percival Pott

Question 20

Anti cancer drug that is direct acting alkaline

Answer 20

Cyclophosphamide

Question 21

Metabolizing enzyme

Answer 21

Cytochrome p-450- dependent monooxygenase

Question 22

Direct acting alkylating agents

Answer 22

Lymphoid neoplasm

Leukemia

Question 23

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Answer 23

Tobacco- lung, bladder

Meat- colon

Question 24

Aromatic amines and Azo dyes

Answer 24

Liver

Beta-naphthalene- bladder

Question 25

Aflatoxin B

Answer 25

Liver | Aspergillosis flavus

Question 26

Regenerative predisposition

Answer 26

Hepatoma Squamous cell carcinoma Oral cavity, vulva and penis- leukoplakia

Question 27

Hyperplastic predisposition

Answer 27

Endometrial hyperplasia

Question 28

Dysplastic predisposition

Answer 28

Broncognic carcinoma in cigarette smokers

Question 29

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease

Answer 29

Small and large bowel carcinoma

Question 30

Benign to malignant

Answer 30

Villous colonic adenoma | Pleomorphic adenoma

Question 31

Ionizing radiation

Answer 31

Leukemia and thyroid cancer

Question 32

Human papilloma virus

Answer 32

Benign squamous papilloma/ warts Squamous cell cancer of cervix, anogenital Oral and laryngeal cancer

Question 33

HPV types

Answer 33

``` *16&18- high risk E6- p53, TERT E7- RB, P21 *6&11- low risk( genital warts) *1,2,3,4,7- benign squamous papilloma ```

Question 34

concomitant (endemic) malaria

Answer 34

In regions of the world where Burkitt lymphoma is endemic it impairs immune competence

Question 35

Oncofetal antigenes

Answer 35

Carcinoembryonic antigen | Alpha fetoprotein

Question 36

Macrophages activated by

Answer 36

Interferon alpha secreted by T cells and natural killer cells

Question 37

Hamartoma

Answer 37

disorganized overgrowth of tissues in their native location

Question 38

Choristoma

Answer 38

normal tissue in a foreign location

Question 39

Unencapsulated benign tumor

Answer 39

Hemangioma | Neurofibroma

Question 40

Metastasis more likely in

Answer 40

More aggressive rapidly growing More Undifferentiated

Question 41

Paravertebral plexus

Answer 41

Thyroid carcinoma | Prostate

Question 42

Transcoelomic spread

Answer 42

Ovary

Question 43

Lymphatic spread

Answer 43

Breast

Question 44

Hematogenous spread

Answer 44

Liver | Lung

Question 45

Effects on host

Answer 45

Location Functional Bleeding and secondary infection Rupture