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Pathology > Neoplasia > Flashcards

Neoplasia Flashcards

1
Q

Common GF mutations

A

Glioblastoma

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2
Q

Common GFR mutations

A

Her2 In breast and lung cancers

Ebbr1 in non small cell lung cancer

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3
Q

Mutation in TKSTF

A

Ras gene in pancreatic, colorectal and lung
BRAF gene in upper limb
P13K in breast cancer

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4
Q

Mutation in NTKSTF

A

ABL- Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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5
Q

Mutation in TF

A

MYC in Burkett cell lymphoma

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6
Q

Mutation in RB gene

A

Retinoblastoma in the eye

Breast, small cell lung, bladder, osteosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma

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7
Q

Mutation in p53

A

In lung, breast, stomach, colorectal

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8
Q

Asbestos

A

lung cancer, mesothelioma

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9
Q

Vinyl chloride

A

Hepatic angiosarcoma

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10
Q

Cigarette

A 
Lung
Pharynx
Larynx
Esophagus 
Bladder
Mouth 
Pancreas
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11
Q

Alcohol abuse

A

Liver
Larynx
Oropharynx
Esophagus

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12
Q

Venereal infection

A

Cervical cancer

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13
Q

Obesity

A

Colon and endometrial carcinoma

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14
Q

Familial cancer

A 
carcinoma of:
colon
breast
ovary
brain 
melanoma
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15
Q

Cancer in children less than 15 years old

A

acute leukemia, central nervous system tumors, neuroblastoma, wilm’s tumour, retinoblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma

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16
Q

Hereditary non poly posits cancer syndrome

A

Colon
Ovary
Small intestine
Endomertrium

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17
Q

Lack of BRCA genes

A

Chromosomal breaks

Severe aneuploidy

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18
Q

dermoid cyst

A

ovarian cystic teratoma

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19
Q

Carcinogenesis founder

A

Sir Percival Pott

20
Q

Anti cancer drug that is direct acting alkaline

A

Cyclophosphamide

21
Q

Metabolizing enzyme

A

Cytochrome p-450- dependent monooxygenase

22
Q

Direct acting alkylating agents

A

Lymphoid neoplasm

Leukemia

23
Q

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

A

Tobacco- lung, bladder

Meat- colon

24
Q

Aromatic amines and Azo dyes

A

Liver

Beta-naphthalene- bladder

25
Q

Aflatoxin B

A

Liver

Aspergillosis flavus

26
Q

Regenerative predisposition

A

Hepatoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Oral cavity, vulva and penis- leukoplakia

27
Q

Hyperplastic predisposition

A

Endometrial hyperplasia

28
Q

Dysplastic predisposition

A

Broncognic carcinoma in cigarette smokers

29
Q

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease

A

Small and large bowel carcinoma

30
Q

Benign to malignant

A

Villous colonic adenoma

Pleomorphic adenoma

31
Q

Ionizing radiation

A

Leukemia and thyroid cancer

32
Q

Human papilloma virus

A

Benign squamous papilloma/ warts
Squamous cell cancer of cervix, anogenital
Oral and laryngeal cancer

33
Q

HPV types

A 
*16&18- high risk
  E6- p53, TERT
  E7- RB, P21
*6&11- low risk( genital warts)
*1,2,3,4,7- benign squamous papilloma
34
Q

concomitant (endemic) malaria

A

In regions of the world where Burkitt lymphoma is endemic it impairs immune competence

35
Q

Oncofetal antigenes

A

Carcinoembryonic antigen

Alpha fetoprotein

36
Q

Macrophages activated by

A

Interferon alpha secreted by T cells and natural killer cells

37
Q

Hamartoma

A

disorganized overgrowth of tissues in their native location

38
Q

Choristoma

A

normal tissue in a foreign location

39
Q

Unencapsulated benign tumor

A

Hemangioma

Neurofibroma

40
Q

Metastasis more likely in

A

More aggressive
rapidly growing
More Undifferentiated

41
Q

Paravertebral plexus

A

Thyroid carcinoma

Prostate

42
Q

Transcoelomic spread

A

Ovary

43
Q

Lymphatic spread

A

Breast

44
Q

Hematogenous spread

A

Liver

Lung

45
Q

Effects on host

A

Location
Functional
Bleeding and secondary infection
Rupture

Pathology (8 decks)

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