Neck: Root of the Neck Flashcards
boundaries of root of neck
body of T1 anterior surface
head and neck of first rib
body first rib
distal portion first rib, articulation of first rib with manubrium
sternoclavicular articulation is included in definition of root of neck
attachments of anterior scalene
O: anterior tubercles of transverse processes CV3-6
I: scalene tubercle first rib
action of anterior scalene
elevate first rib
side bends and rotates cervical column to opposite side
both sides - flex vertebral column
innervation of anterior scalene
ventral rami, spinal nerves C5-7
attachments of middle scalene
O: posterior tubercles of transverse processes of CV2-7
I: superior surface of first rib posterior to groove for subclavian artery
action of middle scalene
elevates first rib
side bends and rotates cervical column
both sides - flexes vertebral column
innervation of middle scalene
ventral rami C3-8
scalene triangle
passage of brachial plexus and subclavian artery
between anterior and middle scalenes
compression can occur during tonic contraction of in presence of cervicla rib
thoracic outlet syndrome
thoracic outlet syndrome symptoms
pain
numbness and tingling in neck, medial forearm, and digits 4 and 5
paresis of intrinsic muscles of hand
poor circulation - cold hands
brachial plexus nerve block
anesthetic agent around supraclavicular portion of brachial plexus
attachments of posterior scalene
O: posterior tubercles of transverse process CV5-7
I: outer surface of second rib
may be fused with middle scalene
action of posterior scalene
elevates second rib
side bends and rotates cervical column
both sides - flexes vertebral column
innervation of posterior scalene
ventral rami - brachial plexus C7-8
attachments of longus capitis
O: anterior tubercles of transverse processes of CV3 -6
I: inferior surface, basilar portion of occipital bone
action of longus capitis
flexes head and neck
innervation of longus colli
O and I:
upper portion extends from anterior surface of vertebral bodies above to transverse processes of vertebrae below
lower portion extends from anterior surfaces of vertebral bodies below to transverse processes of vertebrae above
action of longus colli
flexes neck and assists in its rotation
upper fibers rotate same side
lower fibers rotate opposite side
innervation of longus colli
ventral rami - spinal nerves C2-7
right brachiocephalic artery
bifurcates posterior to SC joint into right subclavian and common carotid artery
left aorta
common carotid and subclavian artery arise directly from aorta
three parts of subclavian artery
1 - medial to anterior scalene
2 - behind anterior scalene
3 - lateral to anterior scalene
part 1 of subclavian artery
vertebral artery
thyrocervical trunk
internal thoracic artery
vertebral artery
enters transverse cervical foramen of CV6
goes posterior over atlas
pierces AO membrane
ascends through foramen magnum where it fuses with opposite counterpart
branches of thyrocervical trunk
inferior thyroid artery
transverse cervical artery
suprascapular artery
ascending cervical artery
It’S TC-AC
inferior thyroid
suprascapular
transverse cervical
ascending cervical
arterial branches of thyrocervical trunk
inferior thyroid artery
branches from thyrocervical trunk medially to ascend medial border of anterior scalene
passes behind carotid sheath and sympathetic trunk at level of thyroid cartilage
branches to pharynx larynx trachea and esophagus
glandular branches to inferior thyroid
**anastomose with posterior branch of superior thyroid artery
transverse cervical artery
branches from thyrocervical trunk laterally
crosses posterior triangle by passing deep to trapezius muscle which it supplies
suprascapular artery
branches from thyrocervical trunk laterally just inferior to origin of transverse cervical artery
crosses posterior triangle inferiorly deep to inferior belly of omohyoid
joined by suprascapular nerve as it passes out of posterior triangle laterally to scapular region
ascending cervical artery
possible branch of thyrocervical trunk
-often from inferior thyroid artery
ascends anterior scalene medial to phrenic nerve to provide muscular and spinal branches
internal thoracic artery
arises from subclavian opposite thyrocervical trunk
descends inferiorly to thorax posterior to sternal end of clavicle and junction of subclavian and internal jugular veins
crossed anteriorly by phrenic nerve
costocervical trunk
second part of subclavian artery
-passes posteriorly from subclavian artery over cupola of lung where it divides into:
deep cervical and highest intercostal artery
deep cervical artery
branch of costocervical trunk
ascends dorsal to brachial plexus between semispinalis cervicis and capitis
anastomose with descending branch of occipital artery
highest intercostal artery
branch of costocervical trunk
descends anterior to head of first rib to provid posterior intercostal artery to first intercostal space and terminates by forming second posterior intercostal artery
dorsal scapular artery
part 3 of subclavian artery branching
passes dorsally through brachial plexus near middle trunk
descends under rhomboids along vertebral border of scapula
involved in scapular anastomosis
brachiocephalic vein formation
from subclavian and internal jugular veins
tributaries to subclavian vein
external jugular, dorsal scapular
tributaries to brachiocephalic vein
vertebral and inferior thyroid vein
central venous line
utilize subclavian vein
parenteral fluids or drugs, cardiac cath, means of measuring central venous pressure
stick the axillary vein, needle to subclavian vein
