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Endocrine > Neck lumps > Flashcards

Neck lumps Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three areas of the neck?

A

Midline
Anterior triangle
Posterior triangle

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2
Q

What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle?

A

Superior- Mandible
Medial- Midline
Lateral- SCM

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3
Q

What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?

A

Anterior- SCM
Lateral- Trapezius
Inferior- Clavicle

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4
Q

What commonly causes midline swellings?

A

Thyroid issues
Thyroglossal cyst
Dermoid cyst

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5
Q

What causes anterior triangle swellings?

A

Lymph Nodes
Branchial cyst
Salivary glands
Carotid body tumours

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6
Q

What causes posterior triangle swellings?

A

Lymph Nodes

Cystic Hygroma

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7
Q

What are you looking for in neck lumps?

A 
Position
Size
Shape
Mobility
Consistency
Lymphadenopathy
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8
Q

What is the most common cause of neck swellings?

A

Lymph Nodes

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9
Q

What is a thyroglossal cyst

A

Can arise in any part of thyroglossal tract
Contains lymphatics
Moves with tongue

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10
Q

What is a dermoid cyst?

A

Rare congenital cyst

Soft and nonfluctuant

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11
Q

What is a branchial cyst?

A

Persisting second branchial arch

Feels like half filler hot water bottle

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12
Q

What is cystic hygroma?

A

Transilluminate lymph filled cyst that is usually present in 1t year of life.

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13
Q

Where are cystic hygroma usually found?

A

Posterior triangle

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14
Q

Where are dermoid cysts usually found?

A

Midline

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15
Q

Where are branchial cysts usually found?

A

Anterior triangle

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16
Q

Where are thyroglossal cysts usually found?

A

Midline

17
Q

What are the three salivary glands?

A

Submandibular
Sublingual
Parotid

18
Q

What two salivary glands can cause neck swellings?

A

Submandibular

Parotid

19
Q

What are the two kinds of thyroid nodules?

A

Solitary

Multinodular goiter

20
Q

Do solitary thyroid nodules tend to be benign or malignant?

A

Benign

21
Q

What is important in the history of solitary thyroid nodules?

A

FH of thyroid cancer

Previous neck irradiation

22
Q

What is important in the examination of solitary thyroid nodules?

A

Hoarse (RLN invasion)

Lymphadenopathy

23
Q

What are the best investigations for solitary thyroid nodules?

A

TSH

Ultrasound guided fine aspiration

24
Q

What are the five categories of solitary thyroid nodules?

A

Thy 1- Inadequate
Thy 2- Benign
Thy 3- Suspicious
Thy 4/5- Malignant

25
Q

How do you treat malignant solitary thyroid nodules?

A

Partial or full thyroidectomy

Endocrine (23 decks)

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