Neck Flashcards
What vertebral level is the thyroid cartilage located at
C4-5
What vertebral level is the hyoid bone at
C3
What vertebral level is the cricoid cartilage at
C6
What vertebral level does the trachea begin at
Below C6
What nerves innervate the skin of the neck
Primarily the C2,3,4 spinal nerves
What is significant about the C2 spinal nerve dermatome
It covers the angle of the mandible, and is the only spinal nerve to innervate the face
What nerve innervates the majority of the skin of the face
Cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve)
What is the origin of the platysma
Fascia and skin of deltoid and pectoral regions
What is the insertion of the platysma
Mandible and tissues around the mouth
What is the innervation of the platysma
Cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)
What are the borders of the anterior triangle
SCM- posterior
Inferior border of the mandible- superior
Midline of the anterior neck- anterior
What are the borders of the posterior triangle of the neck
Clavicle- inferior
SCM- anterior
Trapezius- posterior
What is the origin of the SCM
Sternal head: sternum
Clavicular head: clavicle
What is the origin of the SCM
Mastoid process, occiput
What is the innervation of the SCM
Cranial nerve XI (spinal accessory) – motor
VPR C2,3 spinal nerve – sensory
What is the action of SCM
Unilateral– ipsilateral flexion and contralateral rotation of neck and head
Bilateral– flexion of neck and extension of head
What are borders of the submandibular triangle
Posterior belly of digastric
Anterior belly of digastric
Body of mandible
What are the contents of the submandibular triangle
Submandibular gland
Facial artery and vein
What are the borders of submental triangle
Hyoid bone
Anterior bellies of digastric m
Skin of anterior neck
What are the borders of the carotid triangle
Posterior belly of digastric
SCM
Superior belly of omohyoid
What are the contents of the carotid triangle
Common carotid artery and bifurcation
Internal jugular vein
Cranial nerve X (vagus nerve)
What are the borders of the muscular triangle
Superior belly of omohyoid
SCM
Anterior midline of neck
What are the contents of the muscular triangle
Infrahyoid mm
Thyroid gland
Larynx
What are the borders of the supraclavicular triangle
Inferior belly of omohyoid
Clavicle
SCM
What are the borders of the occipital triangle
Trapezoid
SCM
inferior belly omohyoid
What are the contents of the occipital triangle
Cranial nerve XI
several cutaneous nerves from cervical plexus
What is the cervical plexus formed by
Ventral rami of C1-4
What nerve is formed by ventral rami of C2
Lesser occipital nerve
What does the lesser occipital nerve innervate
Skin of posterior scalp behind the ear
What nerve is made from the fibers of ventral rami of C2-3
Great auricular nerve
What does the great auricular nerve innervate
Sensory innervation to skin below and anterior to external ear and part of errand skin over angle of mandible
What nerves is the transverse cervical nerve derived from
Ventral rami of C2-3
What is nerve is made from C3-4 ventral rami
Supraclavicular nerves
What does the supraclavicular nerve innervate
Innervates the skin of the base of neck, upper thorax, and top of shoulder
Which nerves hitchhike on Cranial nerve XI
C2,3,4
Which nerve sometimes hitchhikes with cranial nerve XII
C1
