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pt gross lec > Neck > Flashcards

Neck Flashcards

0
Q

two bones of the neck

A

cervical vertebrae, hyoid

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1
Q

there is a lot of blank and blank at the neck

A

crowding, vulnerability

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2
Q

hyoid has a main blank, a blank going posteriorly, and a blank going superiorly

A

body, greater horn, lesser horn

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3
Q

most chronic pain is due to blank

A

osteoarthritis

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4
Q

strangulation often causes blank

A

hyoid fracture

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5
Q

the blank muscle is in the subcutaneous fascia of the neck

A

platysma

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6
Q

three deep cervical fascias

A

investing, pretracheal, prevertebral

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7
Q

investing fascia covers all of the anterior neck except

A

platysma

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8
Q

deep cervical fascia with a muscular layer as well as two visceral layers

A

pretracheal

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9
Q

fascia that wraps around and creates bend of digastric and omohyoid muscles

A

pretracheal

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10
Q

the pretracheal fascia is continuous with the fibrous blank

A

pericardium (external sac of the heart)

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11
Q

all of the muscles acting on the vertebral column are wrapped in this fascia

A

prevertebral

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12
Q

prevertebral fascia extends into the blank as the blank

A

axilla, axillary sheath

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13
Q

prevertebral fascia is continuous into the thorax and called the blank fascia

A

endothoracic

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14
Q

this is a space behind the pharynx

A

retropharyngeal space

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15
Q

retropharyngeal space is between the blank and blank fascia

A

prevertebral, alar

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16
Q

four regions of the neck

A

anterior, lateral, posterior, scm

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17
Q

three items in the scm region

A

scm muscle, external jugular vein, erb’s point nerves

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18
Q

two erb’s point nerves in scm region

A

transverse cervical nerve, great auricular nerve

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20
Q

contraction or shortening of cervical muscles causing twisting of neck and slant of head

A

congenital torticollis

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20
Q

three scm actions

A

posterior fibers extend the head, protrusion, unilateral contralateral rotation, unilateral ipsilateral sidebending

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21
Q

usually begins in adulthood and is when the neck is turned, tilted, flexed, or extended involuntarily

A

spasmodic torticollis

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22
Q

great auricular nerve and transverse cervical nerve are branches of blank plexus so they are blank rami and are both blank

A

cervical, anterior, sensory

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23
Q

posterior cervical region boundaries

A

external occipital protuberance, across superior trap, diagonally up to external occ prot

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24
Q

some blank rami in the posterior cervical region

A

posterior

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25
Q

lateral cervical region boundaries

A

trapezius, clavicle, and scm…. making a triangle

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26
Q

lateral cervical region is subdivided by the blank into the blank triangle and the blank triangle

A

inferior belly of omohyoid, occipital, omoclavicular

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27
Q

floor muscles of lateral cervical region

A

splenius capitis, levator scap, posterior scalene, middle scalene

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28
Q

most important clinical structure of the lateral cervical region

A

spinal accessory

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29
Q

floor muscles of lateral cervical region are covered by blank fascia

A

prevertebral

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30
Q

congenital torticollis is caused by blank and shortening of the blank

A

fibrosis, scm

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31
Q

most cervical pain is caused by blank abnormalities or blank

A

bony, trauma

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32
Q

blank is very difficult after hyoid fracture

A

swallowing

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33
Q

when food gets into lungs and causes infection because of hyoid fracture not separating the alimentary and respiratory tracts

A

aspiration pneumonia

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34
Q

three arteries in the lateral cervical region… most prominent one first

A

transverse cervical, suprascapular, occipital, subclavian

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35
Q

three veins in lateral cervical region.. most obvious first

A

external jugular, subclavian, brachiocephalic

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36
Q

subclavian artery turns into blank artery when it crosses clavicle or first rib

A

axillary

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37
Q

carotid sheath is made up of

A

common carotid, internal jugular, vagus nerve

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38
Q

three nerves in lateral cervical region

A

spinal accessory, roots of brachial plexus, suprascapular

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39
Q

two muscles innervated by suprascapular nerve

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus

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40
Q

strongest internal rotator muscle of shoulder

A

supraspinatus

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41
Q

four cutaneous nerves of cervical plexus in lateral cervical region… erb’s point

A

lesser occipital, great auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular

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42
Q

a motor nerve of the cervical plexus in the lateral cervical region

A

phrenic

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43
Q

motor supply to most infrahyoid muscles and part of cervical plexus

A

ansa cervicalis

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44
Q

most motor fibers of hypoglossal nerve innervate blank

A

tongue

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45
Q

superior root of ansa cervicalis

A

C1

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46
Q

inferior root of ansa cervicalis

A

C2, C3

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47
Q

four triangles of anterior cervical region

A

submandibular, carotid, muscular, submental (unpaired)

48
Q

three muscles of submandibular triangle

A

hyoglossus, middle constrictor, mylohyoid

49
Q

there is a blank gland in submandibular triangle

A

submandibular

50
Q

submandibular blank are also in submandibular triangle

A

lymph nodes

51
Q

important nerve in submandibular triangle

A

hypoglossal

52
Q

two arteries in submandibular triangle

A

facial, submental artery

53
Q

the facial artery is one of the most blank arteries in the body

A

facial

54
Q

common carotid artery includes these components

A

internal, external

55
Q

carotid triangle contains this important artery and vein

A

common carotid, internal jugular vein

56
Q

carotid triangle contains these two important nerves

A

vagus, ansa cervicalis

57
Q

carotid triangle contains deep cervical blank

A

lymph nodes

58
Q

borders of carotid triangle

A

digastric posterior belly, scm, omohyoid

59
Q

external carotid artery terminates into these two

A

maxillary, superficial temporal

60
Q

four muscular triangle muscles (strap muscles)

A

omohyoid, sternothyroid, sternohyoid, thyrohyoid (C1 only)

61
Q

two viscera glands of muscular triangle

A

thyroid, parathyroid

62
Q

two contents of submental triangle

A

lymph nodes, anterior jugular vein

63
Q

borders of submental triangle

A

two digastric anterior bellies, hyoid bone

64
Q

four suprahyoid muscles

A

mylohyoid, geniohyoid, stylohyoid, digastric

65
Q

lesions of spinal accessory nerve are blank

A

uncommon

66
Q

spinal accessory nerve damage usually presents with weakness in turning head to blank against blank

A

opposite side, resistance

67
Q

blank shoulders and inability to elevate/ retract shoulders are characteristic of spinal accessory nerve lesion

A

drooping

68
Q

suprascapular nerve is vulnerable to injury in fractures of the middle third of the blank

A

clavicle

69
Q

injury to suprascapular nerve results in loss of blank of humerus at glenohumeral joint

A

lateral rotation

70
Q

carotid occlusion may cause a partial blank

A

stroke

71
Q

carotid occlusions can be relieved by stripping blank from blank

A

plaque, intima

72
Q

endarterectomy can cause damage to blank

A

cranial nerves

73
Q

these are in a good position to monitor oxygen content of blood before it reaches the brain

A

carotid bodies

74
Q

carotid bodies respond to increased blank or blank in blood

A

co2, free hydrogen ions

75
Q

internal carotid has blank in neck

A

no branches

76
Q

external carotid has blank in neck

A

branches

77
Q

this artery has three parts divided by anterior scalene

A

subclavian

78
Q

branches of sublavian

A

vertebral, internal thoracic, thyrocervical trunk, costocervical trunk, dorsal scapular

79
Q

where two vertebral arteries come together in brain

A

vertebrobasilar

80
Q

three branches of throcervical trunk

A

inferior thyroid, suprascapular, transverse cervical

81
Q

two branches of costocervical trunk

A

deep cervical, highest intercostal

82
Q

jugular system of veins

A

anterior, external, internal

83
Q

other important vein of the neck besides jugulars

A

brachiocephalic

84
Q

external jugular drains into blank vein

A

subclavian

85
Q

internal jugular vein carries blank blood than external

A

more

86
Q

anterior jugular vein is superficial to the blank so drains everything superficial to that

A

investing fascia

87
Q

three parts of pharynx

A

nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx

88
Q

choanae, pharyngeal tonsil, pharyngotympanic tube are parts of blank

A

nasopharynx

89
Q

roof of nasopharynx, bottom of pharynx

A

occipital bone and sphenoid, soft palate

90
Q

fouces is the back of the

A

throat

91
Q

palatine tonsils are in the blank

A

oropharynx

92
Q

oropharynx ends at blank

A

C6

93
Q

this is where the esophagus begins

A

laryngopharynx

94
Q

pharyngeal tonsils are aka

A

adenoids

95
Q

pharyngotympanic tube connects blank to blank

A

middle ear, pharynx

96
Q

pharyngotympanic tube does what

A

equalizes pressure

97
Q

three pharyngeal constrictor muscles

A

superior, middle, inferior

98
Q

fibrous middle part of some of the pharyngeal constrictor muscles

A

raphe

99
Q

three longitudinal pharyngeal muscles

A

stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, palatopharyngeus

100
Q

sheet muscle that makes up the wall of the oral cavity

A

buccinator

101
Q

esophagus has circular muscle on blank and longitudinal on blank

A

inside, outside

102
Q

longitudinal pharyngeal muscles all blank the pharynx

A

elevate

103
Q

stylopharyngeus is innervated by

A

CN 9

104
Q

fancy word for swallowing

A

deglutition

105
Q

three unpaired cartilages of larynx

A

epiglottis, thyroid, cricoid

106
Q

three paired cartilages

A

arytenoid, corniculate, cuneiform

107
Q

tracheostomy should be performed between blank and blank cartilage

A

thyroid, cricoid

108
Q

a tracheostomy is done just below the blank/ blank

A

thyroid, cricoid cartilage

109
Q

opening between the vocal folds of the internal larynx

A

rema

110
Q

held breath blank rema

A

closes

111
Q

laryngeal muscles are all innervated by blank

A

vagus nerve

112
Q

sensation from coughing and sneezing and swallowing is because of the blank in the blank larynx

A

vagus nerve, internal

113
Q

prevertebral deep muscles of the neck

A

longus colli, longus capitis, rectus capitis anterior, rectus capitis lateralis, scalenes

114
Q

lesion of cervical sympathetic trunk causes blank

A

horners syndrome

115
Q

constricted pupil

A

miosis

116
Q

drooping eyelid

A

ptosis

117
Q

lack of sweating

A

anhydrosis

118
Q

ptosis, anhydrosis, and miosis are all parts of blank

A

horner’s syndrome

pt gross lec (11 decks)

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