NDT (Neurodevelopmental Treatment) Flashcards
NDT
NDT was developed by
Berta Bobath and her husband Dr. Karel Bobath
NDT
NDT INHIBITION TECHNIQUES
- Vibration
- Maintained pressure
- Traction
- Rhythmic rotation
- Environment
- Speed
- Gravity
NDT
Proximal key points of control:
trunk, shoulder, pelvis
NDT
in NDT, inhibition MUST be followed by
facilitation
NDT principles
NDT sessions provide motivation & purpose to engage the client fully in developing & reinforcing _______
movt responses.
✍🏼 NDT
Through therapeutic handling the therapist aims to:
(describe three)
- Direct, regulate, and organize tactile, proprioceptive and vestibular input.
- Support or change the alignment of COM in relation to BOS during mov’t sequences.
- Direct the patient’s initiation of mov’t: more efficiently and with more effective muscle
synergies - Decrease the amount of force needed to stabilize body segments
- Guide or re-direct the direction, force, speed and timing of muscle activation for successful task
completion. - Constrain OR increase the degrees of freedom (DOF) needed to stabilize or move body segments
during a functional activity. - Provide therapist with an opportunity for non-verbal feedback as a reference of correctness based on the patient’s movement response.
- Direct the patient’s attention to meaningful aspects of the motor task.
NDT principles
what are the 3 essential components of therapeutic handling in NDT treatments?
- Key points of control (to create a motor output)
- Facilitation
- Inhibition
NDT
“There will be ________. That is how the nervous system accomplishes control. It recognizes error and puts in controls so that learning comes out of mistakes.” (K Bobath)
trial and error
…find out what you can get out of an individual by his response to being moved; do NOT presume that what you do will always work, but THINK it may work and change or discard it if it does not
NDT
NDT was developed as an approach to the treatment of movement in the _____________ – extended to adults with neurological dysfunction
neurological pediatric population
NDT
Aimed at minimizing the influence of atypical posture & movements that interfere with motor patterns needed for efficient function
INHIBITION
NDT
…you do NOT work ON the child, you ______ the child
activate
(pasive treatment does not create changes)
NDT
NDT facilitation techniques:
- Tapping
- Sweep tapping
- Pressure tapping
- Alternate tapping
- Place and hold
- Environment
- Speed
- Gravity
✅ NDT 💡parameters
what are you attempting to control with the key points of control?
- Direction
- Amplitude
- Speed
NDT
NDT logo includes the following parts:
- Posture and mvmt
- Body systems
- Functional activities
- Characterisitics of the client
- Family
- Culture
- Intervention team
NDT
“Also know that children (and adults) learn first with ______ movements because they need time to adjust, make corrections, as they learn.” (B Bobath)
slow
NDT
main aim of NDT
optimize function!
NDT
Distal key points of control:
hands & feet
NDT
Locations in the body through which the therapist can guide/facilitate/inhibit a person’s movement or movement response → directly and/or indirectly:
KEY POINTS OF CONTROL
NDT
the promotion of a response; to make it easier.
FACILITATION
Making a posture or movement easier or more likely to occur.
NDT
Contemporary NDT incorporates principles of systems theory with great emphasis on
- repetition
- feedback
- practice
- & active problem solving
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who was instrumental in developing an understanding of why what she was doing was working?
Dr. Bobath
NDT
“There will be ___________ . That is how the nervous system accomplishes control. It recognizes error and puts in controls so that learning comes out of mistakes.”
trial and error
NDT
when did the Bobaths taught their firts NDT course in America?
1966
NDT
Original NDT framework was based on:
- Reflex Theory
- Hierarchical Theory
- NOTE: Contemporary NDT incorporates principles of systems theory with great emphasis on repetition, feedback, practice & active problem solving
NDT principles
A single treatment session progresses from activities in which the client is most capable to
activities that are more challenging.
NDT
Early NDT principles:
-
Facilitation of automatic movement:
- righting and equilibrium reactions
- Facilitation of balance
- Systematic preparation for specific functional activities
- Relaxation Reflex Inhibiting Postures
- Movement using developmental sequences and movement patterns
NDT
Describe three NDT assumptions
- Sensorimotor impairments affect the whole being (function, place in family and community, independece, QOL)
- Movement is linked to sensory processing of feedback (reactive) & feedforward (anticipatory)
- An understanding of motor development provides framework for assessing function and planning intervention
- Ongoing evaluation is key to treatment
NDT
Using input to suppress or decrease the likelihood of a specific response.
Inhibition
NDT
Contemporary NDT principles:
- Facilitation of automatic movement – righting and equilibrium reactions → when not incorporated into function, balance remained a problem
- Facilitation of balance → in itself had no carryover into function
- Systematic preparation for specific functional activities → necessary to ensure carry over into daily life
- 💀 Relaxation Reflex Inhibiting Postures 💀 → TOO STATIC RIP
- Movement using developmental sequences and movement patterns → TOO ISOLATED as originally used
NDT
decribe three NDT treatment principles
- Intervention strategies involve active initiation & participation by the patient combined with manual guidance and direct handling by the therapist.
- NDT intervention is based on movement analysis for missing or atypical elements linking functional limitations to impairments.
- NDT interventions aim to obtain active responses in goal directed activities.
- Whenever possible – movement is initiated & actively performed by the patient.
- NDT focuses on movement strategies as a means to achieve quality performance within context of age appropriate tasks and in anticipation of future functional tasks.
- Treatment must be individualized.
- Treatment is guided by the patient’s response.
- Establish treatment plan – specific, observable & measurable functional goals; within specific time frame; & specific environmental conditions.
- goals set with patient, family & interdisciplinary tea,
- Acknowledge and utilize client’s strengths.
- Interventions include planning & solving of motor problems.
- Interventions allow the patient to learn from errors made during movement.
NDT ✍🏼
Facilitation is done through the use of which type of inputs?
proprioceptive, exteroceptive, visual, vestibular, and verbal inputs.
NDT principles
in NDT treatment, what is the primary intervention strategy?
THERAPEUTIC HANDLING
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describe three of the NDT treatment rules:
- TREAT IN MILLIMETERS & MICROSECONDS
- REPEAT, REPEAT, REPEAT
- ALLOW TIME FOR A RESPONSE
- LATENCY FRO STIMULUS
- TREAT IN PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE
- TEAM APPROACH
NDT principle
__________ is key to motor learning.
Repetition
NDT principles
treatment strategies often include preparation & simulation of critical task components as well as practice of the
whole task
NDT
NDT interventions include modifying the task, or environment, to take into account the current level of the client’s performance and capacity for ______.
function
