Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GBE > NBBS - organisation of nervous system > Flashcards

NBBS - organisation of nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

What does it mean by neurons being polarised?

A

Information only flows in one direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the resting membrane potential in neurons?

A

-70mV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How much is transmission delayed at synapses?

A

0.3-0.5ms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What determines the output of a synapse?

A

the receptor (not neurotransmitter)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is white matter?

A

myelinated axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is grey matter?

A

cell bodies, dendrites, axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is grey matter organised?

A

nuclei, ganglia and layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do layers in grey matter allow?

A

spatially distributed info (map), and modularity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What do nuclei allow?

A

group of cells with similar functions to maximise efficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are double cortex syndrome and lissencephaly?

A

cortex layering diseases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What layer of the cortex are projection neurons in?

A

layer 5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Are projected neurons myelinated?

A

yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What part of the CNS do motor neurons exit?

A

ventral side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What part of the CNS do sensory neurons enter?

A

dorsal side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where does the SNS arise from?

A

thoracic spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does the PNS arise from?

A

cranial and sacral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What cells are made in the neural crest?

A

peripheral nervous system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How are CNS cell type differentiated?

A

by their dorso-ventral position in the neural tube

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Where do CNS cells arise from in the neural tube?

A

inner ventricular surface

20
Q

How do neurons migrate in development?

A

radial and tangenital migration

21
Q

What is the role of radial cells?

A
  • scaffold in adults
  • projenitor cells in development & guide migrating neurons
  • source of astrocytes in brain injury
22
Q

What are the roles of astrocytes?

A
  • blood brain interface
  • homeostasis
  • removal of excess K+ at nodes
  • insulation of synapse
  • removes neurotransmitter in synapse
23
Q

What are reactive astrocytes?

A

they can form glial scars and trigger epilepsy

24
Q

What are the four features of the cerebral cortex?

A
  • regional specialism
  • distributed networks
  • asymmetry
  • maps
25
Q

How are regions of the cortex named?

A

according to the overlying bones

26
Q

What are the lobes of the cortex?

A

frontal, temporal, parietal, occipital

27
Q

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

A

motor and congnition

28
Q

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

A

hearing

29
Q

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

A

sensory

30
Q

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

A

vision

31
Q

What is the central sulcus?

A

landmark separating frontal lobe/motor control and parietal/sensory control

32
Q

What is an example of asymmetry in the cortex?

A

interpretation of reading

33
Q

What are the features of cortical maps?

A

ordered, disproportionate representation, plastic

34
Q

Where does learning prediction occur?

A

thalamus

35
Q

What areas are responsible for recording value of behaviour?

A

basal ganglia = reward

cerebellum = error

36
Q

What are the 2 parts of the cranium?

A

neurocranium and viscerocranium

37
Q

What are the bones of the neurocranium?

A

frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal, occipital, temporal, parietal

38
Q

Which neurocranium bones are paired?

A

temporal and parietal

39
Q

What are the bones of the viscerocranium?

A

mandible, vomer, maxillae, inferior nasal connchae, zygomatic, palatine, nasal, lacrimal

40
Q

What is the only moveable joint in the cranium?

A

temporomandibular joint

41
Q

What are the main brain regions?

A

cerebral hemisphere, thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebellum, brainstem

42
Q

What are the layers of the meninges from outer to inner?

A

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

43
Q

What is the main supply to the meninges?

A

Middle meningeal artery

branch of maxillary artery

44
Q

How does the middle meningeal artery enter the cranium?

A

through the foramen spinosium

- runs behind the pteriun where the skull is very thin

45
Q

Where is CSF produced?

A

in the ventricles

46
Q

How does CSF exit the ventricles?

A

openings in the roof of the 4th ventricle

47
Q

Where is CSF reabsorbed?

A

arachnoid granulations via sinuses

GBE (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions