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Germany and IR > Nazi Germany 1933+ > Flashcards

Nazi Germany 1933+ Flashcards

1
Q

When was Hitler appointed as Chancellor?

A

20th January 1933

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2
Q

Who was appointed as Minister of Interior at the same time as Hitler was appointed as Chancellor?

A

Goering

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3
Q

What does Goering do in February 1933?

A

He orders the local police forces to co-operate with the SA and SS

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4
Q

When was the Reichstag fire?

A

27th February 1933

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5
Q

What happened after the Reichstag fire?

A

The Nazis blamed a Dutch Communist, Van der Lubbe, and said that it was the start of a Communist uprising, and so Hitler asked for emergency powers

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6
Q

What emergency powers did Hitler get after the Reichstag fire?

A

Hindenburg gave Hitler more power so the Nazis used it to arrest Communists, break up meetings and frighten voters

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7
Q

How many Communists were arrested immediately after the Reichstag fire?

A

4,000

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8
Q

What did the Nazis do during the 1933 election?

A

They used radio and police to scare opponents; 50+ opponents were killed

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9
Q

How many seats did the Nazis win in the 1933 election?

A

288

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10
Q

When was Goebbels appointed as Minister of Propaganda?

A

13th March 1933. He takes control of all media.

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11
Q

When was the Enabling Act passed?

A

24th March 1933

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12
Q

What did the Enabling Act mean?

A

It allowed Hitler to pass decrees without the President’s involvement, and made Hitler a legal dictator

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13
Q

How much support did Hitler need in order to pass the Enabling Act?

A

He needed two thirds of the Reichstag to vote in favour, the vote was 444 to 94

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14
Q

When was the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service passed?

A

7th April 1933

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15
Q

What was the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service?

A

It meant the Civil Service administration, court, and education system were purged of ‘alien elements’- mostly Jews and other opponents of the Nazis

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16
Q

When were trade unions banned?

A

2nd May 1933. All workers were then part of the new German Labour Front (DAF)

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17
Q

When was the Employment law passed?

A

9th June 1933

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18
Q

What was the Employment Law?

A

It was a major programme of public work (e.g. road building) to create jobs

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19
Q

What law was passed on 14th July 1933?

A

The law stating that no new parties can be formed

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20
Q

When was the Concordat signed?

A

20th July 1933

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21
Q

What was the Concordat?

A

It was an agreement between the Roman Catholic Church and the Nazis, stating that the government would protect religious freedom, but the church had to stay out of political activity

22
Q

When was the first concentration camp set up?

A

1933- it was for political opponents to the Nazis

23
Q

When was the Night of the Long Knives?

A

30th June 1934

24
Q

What was the Night of the Long Knives?

A

A huge number of opponents were killed by the SS; Hitler worried that Roehm had too much power (there were 4 million men in the SA); it resulted in him getting the support of the army

25
Q

When did Hindenburg die?

A

2nd August 1934

26
Q

What happened as a result of Hindenburg’s death?

A

Hitler merged the role of President and Chancellor, becoming Der Fuhrer; the German armed forces swore an oath of loyalty to Hitler

27
Q

12 reasons why Hitler became Chancellor in 1933

A
  1. Support from bug businesses 2. Propaganda campaigns 3. Weaknesses of the Weimar Republic 4. Attitudes of Germans to the democratic parties 5. The impact of the Depression 6. Other parties’ failure to co-operate 7. Hitler’s speaking skills 8. Violent treatment of their opponents 9. Schemin of Hindenburg and Von Papen 10. The Treaty of Versailles and the reparations 11. Memories of the problems of 1923 12. Nazi policies
28
Q

Who controlled the Gestapo?

A

Reinhard Heydrich

29
Q

What did the Gestapo do?

A

They policed i.e. arrested people without trial, arrested suspicious looking citizens

30
Q

Who ran the Concentration Camps?

A

The SS Death Head Unit

31
Q

Who controlled the SS?

A

Henrich Himmler

32
Q

What did the SS do?

A

They destroyed opposition and carried out radical Nazi policies

33
Q

Who controlled the police and courts?

A

Henrich Himmler

34
Q

What did the police and courts do?

A

They gave unfair trials to Nazi opponents and ignored crimes committed by Nazis

35
Q

Who was Dr Joeseph Goebbels?

A

The minister of Propaganda and Public Enlightenment

36
Q

What were the 5 main methods of Nazi propaganda?

A
  1. Newspapers 2. Posters 3. Cinema 4. Radio broadcasts 5. Public speeches/ rallies
37
Q

What did Goebbels do to newspapers?

A

He shut down anti-Nazi newspapers and put Jewish journalists out of work- he had help from the SS and Gestapo

38
Q

What was Goebbels aim?

A

To promote Hitler and show the Germans how great he was

39
Q

What did Goebbels do in terms of radio?

A

He made sure they were mass-made and cheap so that everyone could afford one, and then broadcast Nazi propaganda over and over again

40
Q

What did Goebbels do in the streets and bars?

A

He placed loudspeakers so that people could always hear Nazi propaganda

41
Q

When did the Olympics in Germany take place?

A

1936

42
Q

What church was created as a breakaway church from the Reich Church?

A

The Confessional Church

43
Q

What did the Nazis set up involving Pagan worship?

A

The German Faith Movement

44
Q

Give two examples of German businesses the Nazis were backed by

A

Thyssen and Krupps

45
Q

Who was the Economics mister 1933 to 1937?

A

Dr Schacht

46
Q

Give 4 economic aims of Hitler?

A
  1. Ending unemployment 2. Ending the Great Depression 3. Rearming Germany 4. Building up an empire
47
Q

What was Autarky?

A

Economic independence- not having to import goods from other countries

48
Q

When was conscription introduced in Germany?

A

1935

49
Q

What were the Nuremberg Rallies?

A

They took place every summer and were essentially a Nazi festival with bands, marches, flying displays and Hitler’s speeches. They tried to convince everyone to support the Nazis

50
Q

When were the Olympics held in Germany?

A

1936

51
Q

How did the Nazis use Germany’s olympic team?

A

They wanted to use it to showcase the superior Aryan race, but there was a lot of international pressure for countries to boycott the Olympics because of the Nazi’s anti-Jewish politics, so there was one Jew on the German team to try and portray themselves well to other countries

52
Q

Why were the Nazis disappointed by the Olympics?

A

Although Germany came top of the medal table, a black athlete called Jesse Owens was the star of the games

Germany and IR (15 decks)

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