Cold War 1945-1961 Flashcards
When was the Yalta Conference?
1945
What was agreed at Yalta?
UN created, Germany split into 4, arguments over Poland’s borders, USSR to be a sphere of influence, war criminals to be persecuted
Who was at Yalta?
Stalin- USSR, Churchill- UK, Roosevelt- USA
When did war end in Europe?
May 1945
When was the Potsdam Conference?
17th July- 2nd August 1945
What was agreed at Potsdam?
Stalin was told about the atomic bomb, Yalta agreements were confirmed, Austria split into 4, reparations to be taken from zones, a lot of arguing
Who was at Potsdam?
Stalin- USSR, Atley- UK, Truman- USA
Where was Potsdam?
25km south of Berlin
What happened to cause the end of WW2, when did it take place and how many were killed?
In August 1945 the USA dropped atomic bombs on Nagasaki and Hiroshima in Japan, 70,000 were killed instantly
How much access did Stalin give to Berlin?
In 1945 there was 1 road, 1 railway and 3 air routes for each zone
Which countries turned communist in 1945?
Romania, Bulgaria, Albania, Yugoslavia, East Germany
Which countries turned communist in 1947?
Hungry, Poland
Which countries turned communist in 1948?
Czechoslovakia
When was the ‘Iron Speech’ given, and by whom and where?
On 5th March 1946, Winston Churchill spoke in Missouri
When was the Truman Doctrine announced?
May 1947
Who did the Truman Doctrine help?
Greece, Turkey
When was the Marshall Plan announced?
June 1947
How much was the Marshall Plan going to cost?
$17 billion
When did communists take over Czechoslovakia?
1948
Which pro-America minister was killed?
Jon Masarylc
When was the Deutschmark released?
18th June 1948
What was Cominform and when was it set up?
It was the Communist Information Bureau and it was set up by Stalin in 1947
What was the aim of Cominform?
To coordinate the work of the communist parties in Eastern Europe
How many Russians were killed in WW2?
20 million
When was the Berlin Blockade?
June 1948 to May 1949
When was the Berlin Airlift?
June 1948 to May 1949
How often did a plane land in the Berlin Airlift?
Every 3 minutes
How many men died in the Berlin Airlift?
9
How much did the Berlin Airlift cost?
$100 million
Which operations took place during the Berlin Airlift?
Operation Vittles, Operation Little Vittles, Operation Plane Fare, Operation Santa Claus
When was NATO set up?
April 1949
When did Stalin die?
5th March 1953
Who took over the USSR after Stalin’s death?
Khrushchev
In what ways did the USA and USSR compete?
The space race, arms race, missile gap, bomber gap , sport, oil…
When was the Warsaw Pact set up?
1955
When was the Berlin Wall built?
1961
