Nazi Control Flashcards
1
Q
Nazi aims
A
- Strong Germany: strong leadership needed as in the days of the Kaiser. Germany needed to be ready for war to restore its pride
- Racial Purity: Germany’s problems blamed on inferior races mixing with the superior Aryan race
- The volk (people’s community): everyone had to be loyal to the Führer. Everyone’s contribution to germany was more important that the “individual”
2
Q
Gestapo: leader, duty, how it helped
A
- Controlled by – Reinhard Heydrich
- Duties – arrest citizens and send them to concentration camps without trial or explanation + listen to people’s conversations
- How it helped Hitler – increase fear of gestapo + Hitler and give him more power
3
Q
Police and courts: leader, duty, how it helped
A
- Controlled by – Hitler
- Duties – ignore crimes committed by Nazis and give an unfair trial to oppositions
- How it helped Hitler – no one was an obstacle or would challenge him
4
Q
Concentration camps: leader, duty, how it helped
A
- Controlled by – SS Death’s head units
- Duties – kill + torture + force to do hard labor; minority groups (Jews)
- How it helped Hitler – part of his plan to eliminate Jews
5
Q
SS: leader, duty, how it helped
A
- Controlled by - Himmler (was composed by Aryans)
- Duties – crushing opposition and carrying out Nazi racial policies + transport to concentration camps + murder of Jews
- How it helped Hitler - carried out his plan + camps
6
Q
How did the Nazi’s used media and culture
A
- Books: no books were published without Goebbels’ permission
- Art: restricted, only Nazi approved
- Newspapers: Jewish editors and writers lost their jobs
- Cinema: all films had to carry a Nazi-pro message
- Music: Jazz music banned due to black culture origins
7
Q
Success of the 1936 olympics
A
- Create illusion that Naz Germany was peaceful and tolerant
- Swastikas everywhere
- Show how modern Germany was
8
Q
failure of the 1936 olympics
A
- Jesse Owens (black American) won 4 gold medals, defeating Aryans
- Scared people (why is the army all over the place!?)
- It was more successful within Germany than outside it as visitors found it odd and fanatical
- Helped Germany cultivate an atmosphere of appeasement from the rest of the world as Hitler prepared for conquest and war
- When Germany was picked to host the Olympics, it was still Weimar republic
9
Q
Successes and failures of the protestant Church
A
- Success
Unite churches into Riech church lead by Bishop Müller
2000 clergy joined
800 clergy sent to concentration camp - Failure
Was formed by 6000 protestant ministers against Reich church
Unsuccessful in getting people to join their church
10
Q
Successes and failures of the Catholic Church
A
- Success
Concordat: church stayed out of politics and Nazis let its religious services take place
Imprisoned 400 priests in camps
Managed to keep most church people quiet - Failure
Broke the agreement and lost the support of Catholics
Nazis lose support of Catholics due to their own policies; percussion of Jews, euthanasia (compassionate killing)
Never eliminated religions influence
11
Q
Who did the Nazis persecute
A
- Homosexuals: seen as a threat to Nazi ideal about family life
- Mentally handicapped: threat to Nazi ideas about Germany being a perfect master race
- Gypsies: thought of to be inferior
- Jews: were to blame for Germany’s problems
12
Q
methods of persecussion
A
- Organization for gays and lesbians were shut down
- Arresting and sending to concentration camps
- Around 100,000 gays were arrested with around 50,000 sent to prison
- Mentally handicapped were killed by starvation or injection
- 72,000 mentally ill patients were gassed publicly and ended the extermination
- 5 out of 6 gypsies were killed
- ‘asocials’ (alcoholics, homeless, prostitutes, habitual criminals, and beggars) were sent to concentration camps
13
Q
how were the Jews persecuted
A
- Blamed them for WW1 and Germany’s economic problems: as if Jewish businessmen had secretly planned it). They also interfered with the idea of a perfect Aryan race
- Banning from civil and public services
- Boycotts of Jewish shops and businesses
- No relations with ‘pure blooded’ Germans
- Propaganda had anti-Jewish messages
- Daily discrimination
- Physical violence (1938): Kristallnacht
14
Q
methods for controlling young people
A
- Organizations for boys: German Young People
- Organization for Girls: League of German Girls
- Marching in parades with loud bands
- Camping and other skills
- School teaching about loyalty to Führer
- School teaching about superior race
15
Q
why did they want to control young people
A
- Manipulation from young age into believing in regime
-Make girls model mothers (learn to sew, cook, domestic tasks) - Boys would be fit and learn to fight
- Build army
