nausea and vomitting

Question 1

Cyclizine is used for

Answer 1

motion sickness nausea

vertigo

Question 2

Hyoscine class

Answer 2

muscarinic antagonist

Question 3

Hyoscine blocks

Answer 3

muscarinic acetylcholine receptors

Question 4

when to give hyoscine

Answer 4

before the onset of motion sickness

Question 5

acetylcholine and vomitting

Answer 5

communication between the vestibular system and the vomiting centre

Question 6

Metoclopramide class

Answer 6

dopamine receptor antagonists

Question 7

how does metoclopramide work

Answer 7

raises the threshold of activity in the chemoreceptor trigger zone and decreases the input from afferent visceral nerves

Question 8

what can metoclopramide do in high doses

Answer 8

antagonize 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors in the peripheral nervous system

Question 9

how does metoclopramide work on the GI tract

Answer 9

inhibits gastric smooth muscle relaxation

Question 10

Prochlorperazine class

Answer 10

antipsychotic

Question 11

Prochlorperazine use

Answer 11

severe nausea; vomiting; and vertigo

Question 12

hows does prochlorperazine work as an antiemetic

Answer 12

dopamine blockade in the chemoreceptor trigger zone

Question 13

Ondansetron class

Answer 13

5-HT3 receptor antagonist

Question 14

Ondansetron has a low affinity for

Answer 14

dopamine receptors

Question 15

what does inhibition of 5-HT3 receptors do

Answer 15

nhibits the visceral afferent stimulation of the vomiting center, and serotonin activity in the CTZ.

Question 16

where are serotonin 5-HT3 receptors

Answer 16

nerve terminals of the vagus in the periphery, and centrally in the CTZ

Question 17

Aprepitant is for

Answer 17

nausea and vomiting associated with highly emetogenic cancer chemo

Question 18

what cancer chemo would you use aprepitant for

Answer 18

cisplatin

Question 19

what does aprepitant have a selective high affinity for

Answer 19

human substance P/neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors

Question 20

aprepitant binds to what receptors and where

Answer 20

brain NK1 receptors

Question 21

aprepitant bonus

Answer 21

augments the antiemetic activity of the 5-HT3-receptor antagonist ondansetron

Question 22

Nabilone is used for

Answer 22

treatment of the nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy

Question 23

Nabilone risks

Answer 23

disturbing psychotomimetic reactions

Question 24

Cannabinoid Receptors

Answer 24

CB1 and CB2

Question 25

CB1 receptors are most common where

Answer 25

hippocampus and amygdala

Question 26

CB2 are found

Answer 26

peripheral nervous system

Question 27

Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists

Answer 27

Aprepitant

Nabilone

Question 28

Dexamethasone class

Answer 28

glucocorticoid agonist