cancer chemotherapy

Question 1

Cyclophosphamide class

Answer 1

alkylating agent

Question 2

Cyclophosphamide treats

Answer 2

lymphoma and leukemia

Question 3

Cyclophosphamide negative effects

Answer 3

sterility, birth defects, mutations, and cancer

Question 4

Cyclophosphamide and nucleotides

Answer 4

mispairing = mutations

Question 5

Cyclophosphamide and DNA damage how

Answer 5

formation of cross-links preventing DNA uncoiling for synthesis or transcription

Question 6

Cyclophosphamide and alkyl groups

Answer 6

Attachment of alkyl groups to DNA bases, resulting in the DNA fragmentation by repair enzymes

Question 7

Doxorubicin class

Answer 7

cytotoxic anthracycline antibiotic

Question 8

Doxorubicin inhibits

Answer 8

DNA/RNA synthesis inhibitor

Question 9

Doxorubicin complexes with DNA how

Answer 9

by intercalation between base pairs

Question 10

Doxorubicin works to inhibit which enzyme

Answer 10

topoisomerase II

Question 11

name two drugs that are cell cycle-nonspecific

Answer 11

Doxorubicin

Cyclophosphamide

Question 12

Methotrexate class

Answer 12

Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs

Question 13

Methotrexate common side effects

Answer 13

Alopecia, Stomatitis, mucositis

Question 14

Methotrexate serious side effects

Answer 14

Myelosuppression
Pulmonary fibrosis, interstitial pneumonitis
Pericarditis, pericardial tamponade

Question 15

why cant you take Methotrexate with trimethoprim

Answer 15

risk of pancytopenia

Question 16

why cant you take methotrexate with clozapine

Answer 16

increased risk of agranulocytosis

Question 17

why cant you take methotrexate with live vaccines

Answer 17

high risk of infection

Question 18

important for people of child bearing age with methotrexate

Answer 18

reliable contraception throughout treatment and for 3 months after stopping methotrexate

Question 19

methotrexate should be prescribed with

Answer 19

folic acid

Question 20

how does methotrexate work

Answer 20

prevent purine or pyrimidines becoming incorporated in to DNA during the “S” phase

Question 21

what does methotrexate inhibit

Answer 21

folic acid reductase

Question 22

what does folic acid reductase do

Answer 22

converts folic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid

Question 23

tetrahydrofolic acid is important for

Answer 23

purines and pyrimidine biosynthesis

Question 24

Tamoxifen class

Answer 24

selective estrogen receptor modulator

Question 25

Tamoxifen moa

Answer 25

inding to the estrogen receptor (ER), leading to a conformational change in the receptor and therefore altering the expression of estrogen dependent genes

Question 26

prolonged binding of tamoxifen to nuclear chromatin leads to

Answer 26

reduces DNA polymerase activity, impairs thymidine utilization, blocks estradiol uptake, and decreases estrogen response

Question 27

when is anastrozole used

Answer 27

receptor positive breast cancer in post-menopausal women

Question 28

how does anastrozole work

Answer 28

decreases the amount of estrogens that the body makes

Question 29

Anastrozole class

Answer 29

aromatase inhibitors

Question 30

Anastrozole inhibits

Answer 30

aromatase

Question 31

what is aromatase important for

Answer 31

converting androgens to estrogens

Question 32

where do androgens come from

Answer 32

adrenal glands