nature vs nurture theories Flashcards
what did gesell maturation theory include (nature)
- he was interested in biological maturation
- observed large number of children to know what skill / abilities most children had in each age group
- used to establish norms/ milestones
- moved through milestones at own pace, development was predetermined
what did bandura claim in the social learning theory and bobo doll experiment (nurture)
- claimed children learn from imitating others, especially people they admire
- and people they perceived were rewarded for behaviour
> known as role models
what are the five factors for learning called
> availability
attention
retention
reproduction
motivation
what does availability mean in forms of learning
= for the behaviour to be learnt it must be available. must be performed somewhere for the individual to see
= behaviour from parenting / schooling is seen by children
what does attention mean in form of learning behaviour
= amount of attention we pay is influenced by characteristics of the model
= if model is attractive, powerful we are more likely to pay attention compared to opposite
what does it mean by retention
= behaviour must be retained
= individual must be old enough or interested enough to keep this behaviour in their memory
what does reproduction mean in terms of behaviour
= individual must be capable of actually performing the behaviour
= this varies for age groups
what does motivation mean
> children may be able to learn behaviour and reproduce it, they need to be motivated to imitate the behaviour.
what does positive reinforcement mean
- behaviour is repeated because of personal satisfaction or rewards
what does negative reinforcement mean
- the behaviour is not repeated to avoid and adverse experience such as lack of satisfaction or to avoid being told off.
