intellectual development- theories

Question 1

what are the stages of development in piaget theory

Answer 1

A~ assimilation, accommodation, equilibrium and disequilibrium

Question 2

what are the four distinct stages of cognitive development in piaget theory

Answer 2

~ sensorimotor stage (0-2 yrs)
~ pre-operational stage (2-7 yrs)
~ concrete operational stage (7-11 yrs)
~ formal operational stage (11+)

Question 3

what is a schema

Answer 3

schema~ organising distinct pieces of knowledge within the mind
- makes sense of past and future
- child has to grow from situations and development of schemas
- create schemas for everyday life

Question 4

what is an example of a schema

Answer 4

A~ a child sees a dog, they will automatically link other animals to this schema if the animal is four legged and friendly

Question 5

what is assimilation

Answer 5

A~ intergrating new experience into existing schemas
—> no modifications
—> child sees a dog and is able to know it’s a dog even if it hasn’t seen that specific breed
—> able to differentiate things

Question 6

what is accommodation

Answer 6

A~ new stimulus doesn’t fit, the child must process the difference into an existing schema
~ creating an entirely new schema
~ occurs when schemas are modified in any way

Question 7

what is an example of accommodation

Answer 7

A~ a child sees a horse, they will think it is an existing schema such as a dog, parents explain the differences the animals.
~ over time a new schema is created

Question 8

what is equilibrium

Answer 8

A~ balance between assimilation and accommodation

Question 9

what does disequilibrium

Answer 9

A~ when an experience doesn’t match a schema
~ what’s perceived and what is understood

Question 10

what does LAD stand for in chomsky’s theory

Answer 10

LAD—> language acquisition device

Question 11

what does LAD mean for a child

Answer 11

~ predisposition to learn language, humans are pre-wired to learn language
~ basic rules for language are intact already in our mind= influenced by environment

Question 12

what does LAD see in children

Answer 12

—> children are born with LAD, helps them learn language and accounts for order in which children learn structures, and mistakes they make as they learn

Question 13

what is the critical period

Answer 13

critical period~ first few years of life is the crucial time in which individual can acquire first language if preserved with adequate stimuli

Question 14

PIAGET- what occurs in the sensorimotor stage

Answer 14

A~ children are focused on senses and movement

Question 15

PIAGET- what is object permanence

Answer 15

A~ infants won’t look for objects their parents take out of sight, they think it doesn’t exist anymore

Question 16

PIAGET- what occurs in the pre operational stage

Answer 16

A~ pretend play and symbols through drawings and objects

Question 17

PIAGET- what occurs in the formal operational stage

Answer 17

—> conservation= ability to think logically to determine that a particular quantity will remain the same even though there is a change in shape and size

Question 18

PIAGET- what occurs in the formal operational stage

Answer 18

A~ abstract thinking can think about hypothetical/ real problems.
—> moral, philosophical, political issues
—> uniliteral comedy and religious ideas

Question 19

what is egocentrism

Answer 19

A~ inability to understand any perspective other than one’s own
~ occurs in pre-operational stage

Question 20

what is centration

Answer 20

A~ young children to focus attention on only one salient aspect of an object, situation or problem at a time. exclusion of other potential relevant aspects