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Biology > Nature, Variety Of Life And Movement Y9 > Flashcards

Nature, Variety Of Life And Movement Y9 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does Mrs Grenc stand for

A

Movement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Growth
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition
Control

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2
Q

Example of movement

A

Walking

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3
Q

Example of respiration

A

Releasing energy from food

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4
Q

Example of sensitivity

A

Reacting to something hot and pulling hand away

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5
Q

Example of growth

A

Growing taller

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6
Q

Example of reproduction

A

Asexual-1 gamete

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7
Q

Example of excretion

A

Sweat

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8
Q

Example of nutrition

A

Obtaining glucose and mineral ions

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9
Q

Example of control

A

Ability to keep internal conditions the same

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10
Q

What has a membrane bound nucleus?

A

Protoctists, fungi, plants, animals

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11
Q

What has mitochondria

A

Protoctists, fungi, plants, animals

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12
Q

What has a cell wall?

A

Bacteria, Protoctists, fungi, plants

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13
Q

What is a bacteria’s cell wall made from?

A

Peptidoglycan

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14
Q

What is a Protoctists cell wall made from?

A

Peptidoglycan

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15
Q

What is a fungi’s cell wall made from?

A

Chitin

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16
Q

What is a plants cell wall made from?

A

Cellulose

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17
Q

What stores carbohydrates?

A

Bacteria, Protoctists, fungi, plants, animals

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18
Q

What carbohydrate does bacteria store?

A

Glycogen

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19
Q

What carbohydrate does Protoctists store?

A

Glycogen

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20
Q

What carbohydrate does fungi store?

A

Glycogen

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21
Q

What carbohydrate does plants store?

A

Starch

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22
Q

What carbohydrate does animals store?

A

Glycogen

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23
Q

Examples of bacteria

A

E.coli, salmonella

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24
Q

Examples of Protoctists

A

Amoeba, chlorella or a pathogenic example-plasmodium responsible for causing malaria

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25
Q

Example of fungi

A

Yeast, mucor

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26
Q

Examples of plants

A

Flowering plants e.g rose or a herbaceous legume e.g peas or beans

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27
Q

Examples of an animal

A

Mammals e.g Humans, elephants

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28
Q

Levels of organisation are:

A

Organelles, cells, tissues, organ, organ system, organism

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29
Q

What are multicellular

A

Plants, animals, sometimes fungi

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30
Q

What things are uni cellular

A

Protoctists, bacteria, some fungi

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31
Q

What do bacteria have instead of a nucleus

A

Circular chromosomes of DNA

32
Q

How do we convert from 1mm to 1000um

A

Times 1000

33
Q

Calculating magnification equation

A

Mag= image size/actual size
I
A M

34
Q

What does um stand for

A

Micrometers

35
Q

Put these numbers into standard form:
6000
400
0.007
0.0067
400 000
0.3

A

610’3
410’2
710’-3
6.710’-3
410’5
310’-1

36
Q

What are fungi made out of

A

Long threads called hyphae

37
Q

What do all eukaryotic cells have?

A

A membrane bound nucleus

38
Q

Are most fungi uni and multi cellular

A

Multi

39
Q

What do hyphae form

A

Many hyphae form a mycelium

40
Q

What do the cells forming hyphae have

A

They contain spores for reproduction

41
Q

How do fungi feed(word)

A

Saprotrophically

42
Q

What is saprotrophic nutrition

A

The fungi releases extra cellular( out-side cells) enzymes directly onto the food, these enzymes then break down the food into small molecules that the fungal cells can then reabsorb the small molecules and then use these as food to be used in respiration to release energy

43
Q

How do unicellular fungi reproduce

A

By budding( splitting into two=asexual reproduction)

44
Q

What are fungi known as (along w bacteria)

A

Decomposers a they break down dead and decaying matter

45
Q

Why does fungi grow in warmth and moisture better

A

When in warmth spores reproduce the most. Fungi need moisture to grow, most growth occurs on wet bread

46
Q

Briefly describe Protoctists

A

Are any eukaryotic organisms that are not plants, fungi or animals

47
Q

Protoctists don’t clearly fit into any of the other eukaryotic kingdoms

A

True

48
Q

Are Protoctists multi or unicellular

A

Uni

49
Q

Can Protoctists contain chloroplast

A

Yes they can but not all do some are closer to animal cells some closer to plants

50
Q

Meaning of pathogenic

A

Can cause diseases

51
Q

Example of pathogenic pathogen

A

Plasmodium-invades red blood cells and causes malaria

52
Q

Example of Protoctist closer to animal cells

A

Amoeba-live in pond water

53
Q

Examples of Protoctists closer to plant cells

A

Chlorella-have chloroplasts

54
Q

What kingdoms can be pathogens

A

Fungi, bacteria, Protoctists and Viruses (not a kingdom)

55
Q

What are prokaryotes?

A

Bacteria and other things
They have NO membrane bound organelles d.g no nucleus or mitochondria

56
Q

Do all bacteria have capsules

A

No

57
Q

What is a chromosome (nucleoid)

A

Circular loop of DNA

58
Q

Why do bacteria have flagellum

A

To create movemnt

59
Q

What are plasmids in bacteria

A

They contain DNA and all bacteria have them

60
Q

What is antigens

A

Any substance that causes your body to create antibodies against itself

61
Q

Why are bacteria useful

A

Photosynthesis
Decomposers
Pathogens
Lactobacillus bulgaricus causes milk to thicken

62
Q

Are viruses alive

A

No they are NOT living organisms

63
Q

What are the smallest pathogens

A

Viruses

64
Q

How can viruses be seen

A

A very powerful electron microscope

65
Q

Do viruses have cytoplasm

A

No

66
Q

Virus characteristics (3)

A

They are parasitic and live on/in hosts and all act as pathogens
They can only reproduce inside the host cells
Consist of either RNA or DNA surrounded by a protein coat with no cell structure

67
Q

Examples of viruses(3)

A

-HIV causes AIDS
-Influenza causes flu
-Tobacco mosaic virus causes discolouring of leaves from tobacco plants by preventing the formation of chloroplasts

68
Q

Examples of bacteria

A

-Lactobacillus Bulgaricus used to thicken milk
-Pneumococcus causes pneumonia

69
Q

Cytoplasm function

A

Most chemical reactions take place here

70
Q

Nucleus function

A

To hold DNA

71
Q

Cell membrane function

A

Controls what enters and exits the cell

72
Q

Cell wall function

A

Gives cell structure
Helps maintain tugor pressure

73
Q

Ribosomes function

A

Makes protein

74
Q

Vacuole function

A

Stores cell sap
Sap made out of water and sugar

75
Q

What is sap made out of

A

Water and sugar

76
Q

Chloroplasts function

A

Contains chlorophyll for absorbing light for photosynthesis

77
Q

Mitochondria function

A

Generates energy to power the cell

Biology (7 decks)

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