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2023 SEM 1 PMLS 1 > nature of the clinical laboratory > Flashcards

nature of the clinical laboratory Flashcards

1
Q

sections of the clinical laboratory:
it is considered to be one of the busiest section in the laboratory

A

clinical chemistry

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2
Q

sections of the clinical laboratory:
it is intended for the testing of blood and other body fluids to quantify essential soluble chemicals including waste products useful for diagnosis

A

clinical chemistry

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3
Q

sections of the clinical laboratory:
blood and urine are the most common fluids subjected for analyses in this section

A

clinical chemistry

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4
Q

in the clinical chemistry, what are the 2 common body fluids subjected for analyses

A

urine
blood

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5
Q

examples of test performed in clinical chemistry

A

FBS - fasting blood sugar
HbA1c
HDL - high density lipoproteins
LDL - low protein lipoproteins
TAG
BUA - blood uric acid
BUN - blood urea nitrogen
TP
thyroid hormones test
drug testing
toxicology

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6
Q

what are the important activities that medtech perform and are responsible for

A

internal quality assurance (IQA)
continuous quality improvement (CQI)
national external quality assurance program (NEQAP)

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7
Q

what are the 4 four sections of the microbiology

A

bacteriology
mycology
mycobacteriology
virology

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8
Q

sections of the clinical laboratory:
it focused on the identification of bacteria and fungi on specimens

A

microbiology

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9
Q

what are the common species in microbiology

A

blood
other body fluids

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10
Q

what are some examples of tests performed in microbiology (CAAMP,II,BIQ)

A

culture media preparation
antigen typing
biosafety
proper waste disposable
infection control

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11
Q

sections of the clinical laboratory:
it deals with the enumeration of cells in the blood and other body fluid

A

hematology and coagulation studies

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12
Q

in the hematology and coagulation studies, the coagulation studies determine the

A

coagulation factors

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13
Q

in the hematology and coagulation studies, the ______________ are available

A

automated hematology analyzer

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14
Q

what are examples of tests performed in the hematology and coagulation studies

A

CBC
hemoglobin
quantitative blood count

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15
Q

sections of the clinical laboratory:
detection and identification of parasitic worms and ova are the primary activities in this area

A

clinical microscopy

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16
Q

what are the 2 major areas in the clinical microscopy

A

first major - allotted to routine and other special examinations
second major - examination of stool

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17
Q

what are the 2 main activities in the blood bank/ immunohematology

A

blood typing
compatibility testing

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18
Q

it is the most critical section in the clinical laboratory

A

blood bank / immunohematology

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19
Q

what are the other test performed in the immunohematology

A

blood donation
donor recruitment
blood component preparation
antibody screening and identification

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20
Q

sections of the clinical laboratory:
analyses of serum antibodies

A

immunology and serology

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21
Q

what is commonly used in the immunology and serology

A

automated analyzer

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22
Q

what are some test performed in the immunology and serology

A

hepatitis B profile tests
hepatitis C test
dengue test
serological test for syphilis

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23
Q

it is the place where specimens collected from individuals are processed, analyzed, preserved, and properly disposed

A

clinical laboratory

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24
Q

what are the classifications of clinical lab according to function

A

clinical pathology
anatomic pathology

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25
what are the classifications of clinical lab according to institutional characteristics
institution-based free-standing
26
what are the classifications of clinical lab according to ownership
government-owned privately-owned
27
what are the classifications of clinical lab according to service capability
primary category secondary category tertiary category national reference laboratory
28
identify the classifications of clinical lab according to function: it is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases performed through laboratory testing of blood and other body fluids
clinical pathology
29
identify the classifications of clinical lab according to function: it is concerned with the diagnosis of disease through microscopic examination of tissues and organs
anatomic pathology
30
identify the classifications of clinical lab according to institutional characteristics: it is a clinical lab that operates within the premises or part of an institution
institution-based
31
identify the classifications of clinical lab according to institutional characteristics: clinical lab is not part of an established institution
free-standing
32
identify the classifications of clinical lab according to ownership: clinical lab are owned, wholly or partially by national or local government units
government-owned
33
identify the classifications of clinical lab according to ownership: clinical lab are owned, established and operated by an individual, corporation, institution, association or organization
privately-owned
34
identify the classifications of clinical lab according to service capability: space requirement is 10m2
primary category
35
identify the classifications of clinical lab according to service capability : space requirement is 20m2
secondary category
36
identify the classifications of clinical lab according to service capability: space requirement is 60m2
tertiary category
37
identify the classifications of clinical lab according to service capability: it is a lab in a government hospital designated by the DOH to provide special diagnostic functions and services for certain diseases
national reference laboratory
38
what are some laboratory testing in clinical lab under the primary category
urinalysis stool examination hematology cbc (hemoglobin, hematocrit, WBC & RBC) WBC count platelet count blood typing gram staining
39
what are some laboratory testing in clinical lab under the secondary category
those in pri category clinical chemistry tests (blood glucose concentration, BUN, BUA, blood creatinine, cholestrol determination, qualitative platelet count) if hospital based: gram stain KOH mount crossmatching
40
what are some laboratory testing in clinical lab under the tertiary category
those in sec category immunology and serology microbiology, bacteriology and mycology special clinical chemistry special hematology immunohematology and blood bank
41
equipments used in primary category
microscope centrifuge hematocrit centrifuge
42
equipments used in secondary category
those in pri category semi-automated chemistry analyzer autoclave incubator oven
43
equipments used in tertiary category
those in sec category automated chemistry analyzer biosafety cabinet class II serofuge
44
laws on the operation, maintenance and registration of clinical laboratories in the Philippines is according to R.A No.
R.A No. 4688
45
section 1 of R.A no. 4688
shall register and secure a license annually at the office of the secretory of health
46
under what section of R.A no. 4688 is the it shall be unlawful for any person to be professionally in-charge of a registered clinical laboratory unless he is a licensed physicians duly qualified in laboratory medicine and authorized by the secretory of health (renewed annually)
section 2
47
under what section of R.A no. 4688 is the bureau of research and lab shall be charged with the responsibility of strictly enforcing the provision
section 3
48
under section 4 of R.A no. 4688: violates any provision of this Act, shall be punished with imprisonment for not less than ______ month but not more that ______ year or fine of not less that _____ thousand pesos nor more than _____ thousands pesos or both
1 1 1 5
49
under section 6 of R.A no. 4688: the sum of ______ thousands pesos may be necessary, is hereby authorized to be appropriated out of any funds in the national treasury not otherwise appropriated , into effect the provision of this Act
50K
50
when was the R.A no. 4688 is approved
18 june 1966
51
True or false The clinical lab can be constructed when plans have been approved and constructions permit issued by BHFS
False - no clinical lab can be constructed
52
A clinical lab shall operate with a valid listened issued by _________ based on the compliance with the minimum listening requirements (ANNEX A)
BHFS/CHD
53
What are the documents required for the application for permit to construct 1.Letter of application to the _______ 2. ______ sets of site development plans and floor plans approved by an article and or engineer 3. DTI/ SEC registration (for ______)
director of BHFS 4 private clinical laboratory
54
BHFS
Bureau of Health Facilities and Services
55
Application for renewal of license shall be filed within ….
90 days before the expiry date
56
A penalty of ______ for late renewal shall be charged in addition to the renewal fee for all categories in the application is filled during the next ____ months after expiry date
1k pesos 2
57
Clinical lab shall be inspected every ____ or as necessary
two years
58
True or false The director of BHFS only shall be allowed to monitor the clinical lab at any given time
False - BHFS or his authorized representative
59
Any changes affecting the substantial conditions of the license to operate a laboratory shall be reported within ____ days in writing by the person concerned to the BHFS/CHD for notation and approval
15 days
60
Any person who operates a clinical laboratory without the proper license from the department of health shall upon conviction be subjected to improvement for not less that ____ month but not more than ____ year or a fine of not less than ____ and not more than ____ or both
1 1 1k pesos 5k pesos
61
These rules and regulations of the administrative order no. 59s 2001shall take effect ____ days after its publications in the official gazette or in the newspaper of general circulation
15
62
Annex A
Technical standards and minimum requirements
63
All lab reports on various examinations of specimens shall bear the name of the ______ and _______ and duly signed by both
registered medical technologist pathologist
64
All lab records shall be kept on a file for at least ____ year
one
65
Records of anatomic and forensic pathology shall be kept _____ in the lab
permanently
66
Activities performed in this section includes tissue processing (removed surgically as in biopsy and autopsy), cutting into sections, staining and preparation for microscopic examination by a pathologist
histopathology/ cytology
67
Histopathology/ cytology is where tissue processing (removed surgically as in biopsy and autopsy), cutting into sections, staining and preparation for microscopic examination by a _____
pathologist
68
What are the 2 specialized sections of the laboratory
immunohistochemistry molecular biology and biotechnology
69
Identify the specialized sections of the laboratory: It combines anatomical, clinical and biochemical techniques where antibodies bounded to enzymes and fluorescent dyes are used to detect presence of antigen in tissues
immunohistochemistry
70
Identify the specialized sections of the laboratory: Uses different enzymes and other reagents, DNA and RNA are identified and sequenced to detect any pathological conditions
molecular biology and biotechnology
71
It encompasses all activities starting from a medical doctor writing a laboratory request up to the time the results are generated and become useful information for the treatment and management of patients
laboratory testing cycle
72
What are the 3 phases of the laboratory testing cycle
pre-analytic phase analytic phase post-analytic phase
73
QA
quality assurance
74
It encompasses all activities performed by laboratory personnel to ensure reliability of test results
quality assurance
75
What are the 2 major components in the clinical lab
internal quality assurance control (IQAS) external quality assurance control (EQAS)
76
Identify the major components in the clinical lab: It includes day to day activities that are undertaken in order to control factors or variables that may affect test result
IQAS
77
Identify the major components in the clinical lab: It is a system for checking performances among clinical lab and is facilated by designated external agencies
EQAS
78
It is the DOH-designated EQAS
national reference laboratory

2023 SEM 1 PMLS 1 (12 decks)

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