Natural Hazards: Case Study Flashcards
When was Chile natural hazards and what was it? what is Chile a LIC or HIC?
.HIC
.severe Earthquake
.February 27th 2010
What was the magnitude of the earthquake and how did it occur?
.8.8 on the Richter scale
.occurred on a destructive plate margin, where the Nazca plate subducts beneath the South American plate. Earthquake occurred in the Pacific Ocean the plate movement displaced a lot of seawater triggering a tsunami.
The primary and secondary effects of chile?
Immediate Responses to the earthquake in Chile?
. Emergency services were developed quickly
.search and rescue teams
.emergency field hospitals
.temporary shelters set up for the homeless
.international aid set up emergency response units for healthcare and emergency supply distribution
.power and water was restored to 90% homes within 10 days
.60$ million raised in relief funds after national appeal
Long term responses in Chile?
.national housing reconstruction one month after the earthquake
.pledging subsides for 196,000 households affected
.unsafe buildings demolished
.Foreign aid was not heavily relied upon, they had the funds and education due to the frequency of earthquakes in Chile
When was Nepals natural hazards and what was it? what is Nepal a LIC or HIC?
.25th April 2015
.severe earthquake
.LIC
What was the magnitude of the earthquake and how did it occur?
.7.9 magnitude on the ritcher scale
.caused by the subduction of the Indo-Australian plate beneath the Eurasian plate (destructive plate margin)
.The earthquake epicentre was around 80km away from Nepals capital
.15km below surface triggering landslides and avalanches
The primary and secondary effects of Nepal?
Immediate Responses to the earthquake in Nepal?
.international aid from the uk, India and china: search and rescue teams, medicine and essentials.
.87 million pounds raised by aid donations
.half a million tents provided for homeless and temporary classrooms, health care facilities as strong aftershocks stopped people using buildings
.300,000 people fled from the capital
Long term responses Nepal?
.7000 schools rebuilt or repaired
.government introduced stricter building codes with better earthquake resistance
.landslides cleared and roads repaired
..three quarters of destroyed homes were rebuilt.
What was Somerset and what natural disaster happened?
.an area of low-lying coastal plains and wetlands located south-west of the uk
.several rivers flow through Somerset, because it’s low-lying land it is prone to flooding
.the natural disaster was a flood
What caused the flood and when did it happen?
.2013-2014 (December to February)
..several flooding incidents happened because: rain (a series of depressions low pressure areas causing heavy rain)
.high tide: seawater levels higher due to high tide and storm surges, the high tide prevented freshwater from being able to drain into the sea
.dredging: rivers were full of sediment, meaning less water could be held so it overflowed quicker.
Primary and secondary effects in Somerset?
Primary:
.600 homes flooded (social)
.power supplies were cut off (social)
. Agricultural land flooded over 14,000 ha (economic)
.habitats destroyed (environmental)
Secondary:
.some villages wee cut off and stranded (social)
.People couldn’t go to work their lives were stopped (social and economic)
.railway lines were closed (economic)
.£10 million pounds in damages (economic)
.sewage and chemicals contaminated the floodwater (environmental)
Immediate responses to Somerset floods?
.weather and flood warnings to warn residents to evacuate
.temporary flood defences such as barriers and sandbags to control the flood water
Long term responses to Somerset floods?
The Somerset levels and moors action plan is a 20 year plan
.dredging: dredge 8km of the river tone and parratt to increase the capacity and reduce the risk of the river bursting its banks
.drain enhancement: develop better drainage so that expensive pumping mechanisms do not need to relied upon for flooding in the future
.tidal barrier at Bridgwater which would stop high tides contributing to floods
.established an authority that is responsible for effective river management
.better management of urban run-off and implementation of sustainable drainage systems.
.increased resilience sustain and enhance community and business resilience to future flood events.
