3.2.1 Section A: Urban Issues and Challenges - Freiburg Case Study on Sustainability Flashcards
What goal did Freiburg set up for sustainability and when?
- in 1970 the German city of Freiburg set a goal of urban sustainability
- while environmental concerns where important, the new approach had to consider also how the inhabitants were affected social and economically
What does social planning involve?
- social planning takes into account people’s needs
- it is important that people take part in decision making on things that will affect their lives
- there is also a need to provide affordable homes
How do people in Freiburg get involved with social planning to make the city more sustainable?
- people in Freiburg are involved in urban planning at both local and city level
- possible sites for buildings are discussed and recommendations are made to the council
What have people done in Freiburg do to help the city be more sustainable?
local people can invest in renewable energy resources e.g. in 1 district they have invested £5 million+ in 9 windmills, 8 solar energy systems (one at the football stadium), a hydro-electric plant, and an energy conservation scheme at the local school
What does economic planning involve?
- providing people with employment
How many environmental businesses are there in Freiburg and how many people are employed in them?
10,000+ people are employed in 1500 environmental businesses in the city (Freiburg’s solar valley)
How many people are employed in the solar technology industry in Freiburg and what do they do?
1000+ people employed in the solar technology industry producing advanced solar cells and the machinery to make them
How many people does the solar factory in Freiburg employ and what do they make?
solar factory employs 250 people making solar panels
How is Freiburg’s solar valley important internationally?
- many solar institutions have their HQs in Freiburg, and the city hosts major European solar energy conferences
- the Institute for Solar Energy Systems conducts research and has developed new systems for solar cooling and air conditioning
How can people get training to work in the solar panel industry in Freiburg?
A Solar Training Centre provides training in the skills needed for the new solar technology
What does environmental planning involve?
- ensures that resources are not wasted and the environment is protected for future generations
- one of the key strategies for making cities more sustainable is to reduce the amount of waste produced by re-using and recycling as much as possible
- also involves the use of brownfield sites
How many corks does Freiburg recycle each yr?
1 million+ corks recycled each yr
What % of packaging waste is recycled in Freiburg each yr?
88%+ of packaging waste recycled
How many community collection points for recycling in Freiburg are there?
350 community collection points for recycling
How does Freiburg provide renewable energy for ______ houses?
- a biogas digester for organic food and garden waste which is collected
- provides energy for 28,000 homes from burning waste
By how much did Freiburg reduce its annual waste and in how much time?
reduced annual waste disposal from 50,000 tonnes to 14,000 tonnes in just 12yrs
What is the amount of non-recyclable waste per head (per year) that Freiburg has and what is Germany’s average?
90kg per head of non-recyclable waste per year (Germany’s average is 122kg)
What was the inner city district of Vauban in Freiburg built on?
on the site of a former army barracks
How many people does the district Vauban in Freiburg house and in what type of housing?
it now houses 5500 people in low energy buildings
How is greenery retained in the district Vauban in Freiburg?
- all existing trees have been retained, with green spaces between the houses providing play areas for children
- green roofs covered in vegetation that allows water to soak through which is then collected and reused
Where is Freiburg located?
- in SW of Germany in Europe
- Germany bordered by France on West and by Switzerland to the South
- Freiburg close to these bordering countries
- W of Munich and 280km away
- SW of Berlin and approx 650km away from it
- not near any bodies of water
- located close to the Alps
What does Freiburg’s water system allow?
Freiburg’s water system allows rainwater to be retained, reused or to seep back into the ground
What encourages inhabitants of Freiburg to use water sparingly?
Financial incentives of inhabitants to use water sparingly
What do financial returns investors receive in Freiburg?
financial returns investors received free football season tickets
What encourages people to compost their waste and use textile nappies?
financial rewards are given to people who compost their green waste and use textile nappies
What does water conservation involve in the Vauban district in Freiburg?
- collecting rainwater for use indoors
- green roofs
- pavements that allow rainwater to soak though
- unpaved tramways
- drainage wetlands
How does Freiburg want to be powered in 2050?
plans to be 100% powered by renewable energy in 2050