Natural Hazards Flashcards
What’s a natural hazard
A natural hazard is a natural event that can harm people or property.
4 Types of Natural Hazards
Tectonic Hazards
Atmospheric Hazards
Geomorphological Hazards
Biological Hazards
what’s tectonic hazard
Caused by the movements of tectonic plates (e.g earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis).
what’s Atmospheric Hazards
Atmospheric hazard is cause by high and low pressure weather systems.
(e.g hurricanes and draughts)
What’s Geomorphological Hazards
Geomorphic hazard happen on the earth’s surface. e.g flooding
Give e.g of Tectonic Hazards
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
Tsunamis
Give e.g of Athmospheric hazard
Tropical storms (hurricanes, cyclones, typhoons)
Droughts
Tornadoes
another word for geomorphic hazard
geological hazard
Give e.g of Biological hazard
Disease epidemics
Wildfires
explain how using fossil fuels might contribute to global changes in temperature
Burning fossil fuels (like coal, oil, and gas) releases carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the air. CO₂ is a greenhouse gas, which means it traps heat from the Sun in the Earth’s atmosphere. This causes global temperatures to rise, leading to climate change.
What’s weather hazard?
Weather hazard is caused by extreme weather (storms, floods, droughts).
What Increases Risk of natural hazard?
🔺 More people in danger zones (cities near fault lines or coasts).
🔺 Poverty (people can’t afford safe housing).
🔺 Climate change (more extreme weather).
🔺 Deforestation (increases flooding and landslides).
What’s the definition of hazard risk?
Hazard risk is the probability of being affected negatively by a natural event
Why do people choose to live in areas of hazard risk?
Economic benefits/good jobs
Not knowing how to speak the language and not having knowledge of other places
Not having enough money
Not thinking the risk is high enough
Not wanting to move because of their families
What affects hazard risk?
Poverty
Urbanisation
Agriculture
Climate change
How does poverty affect s hazard risk?
Poverty increases hazard risk because people in poorer areas often live in unsafe housing, lack emergency services, and have limited resources to prepare for or recover from disasters.
How does agriculture affect hazard risk?
Agriculture increase hazard risk by causing deforestation, soil degregation, and overuse of water, which can lead to flooding, landslides and desertification
How does climate change affect hazard risk?
As the global temperature rises, there will be more extreme weather events, which will be more intense.
Environmental Factors (how it affects hazard risk)
Climate Change – Makes storms, floods, and droughts worse.
Cutting Down Trees – Can cause landslides and floods.
Rising Sea Levels – Makes coastal areas more at risk of floods and storms.
Human Factors (how it affects hazard risk)
Population – More people in one place means more danger and damage.
Buildings and Roads – Weak buildings and bad roads can make disasters worse.
Preparedness – People who know what to do in an emergency can stay safer.
Money – Richer countries can afford better safety measures and help after disasters.
Environmental Factors (how it affects hazard risk)
Climate Change – Makes storms, floods, and droughts worse.
Cutting Down Trees – Can cause landslides and floods.
Rising Sea Levels – Makes coastal areas more at risk of floods and storms.
Monitoring(watching for signs) of tectonic hazards
✔ Seismometers check for small earthquakes before a big one.
✔ Gas sensors and satellites track volcanoes.
Prediction (Trying to Forecast Hazards)
✔ Scientists study past events to predict when hazards might happen.
✔ Volcanoes are easier to predict than earthquakes.
Protection (Making People & Buildings Safer) of tectonic hazards
✔ Earthquake-proof buildings (shock absorbers, strong materials).
✔ Volcano barriers and safe zones.
Planning (Being Prepared) tectonic hazards
✔ Evacuation drills teach people what to do.
✔ Emergency kits and shelters help in disasters.
✔ No buildings in high-risk areas when possible.
