Climate Change Flashcards
How do ice cores show climate change?
Trapped gases in ice reveal past temperatures.
How do tree rings provide evidence of climate change?
Wider rings mean warmer years, thinner rings mean colder years.
How does glacier retreat show climate change?
Many glaciers are shrinking due to rising temperatures.
Why are sea levels rising?
ice is melting, and warm water expands (thermal expansion).
Name three natural causes of climate change.
Orbital changes
volcanic activity
solar output.
Ocean Currents
How do humans contribute to climate change?
Burning fossil fuels
deforestation
farming (methane from cows).
Industry
Transport
Name three effects of climate change.
Extreme weather
rising sea levels
and loss of habitats.
How does climate change affect food and water supply?
Droughts and floods make farming harder, leading to shortages.
What is mitigation?
Reducing causes of climate change (e.g., using renewable energy).
What is adaptation?
Adjusting to climate change (e.g., building flood defences).
How can trees help reduce climate change?
Trees absorb CO₂, reducing greenhouse gases
Name an international agreement to tackle climate change.
The Paris Agreement.
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How do ocean sediments show past climates?
layers of sediment contain tiny fossils that reveal past temperatures.
How do extreme weather events provide evidence for climate change?
Rising Sea Levels and Coastal Flooding
More Frequent Droughts and Wildfires
Stronger Storms and Hurricanes
Increased Heatwaves
What are Milankovitch Cycles?
A: Cphanges in Earth’s orbit that affect climate over thousands of years.
How do volcanic eruptions affect climate?
They release gases and ash that can cool or warm the Earth.
What’s orbital changes
Orbital changes is when earths position around the sun changes over time
What happens in volcanic activity?
Eruptions release gases that can warm or cool the earth
What’s meant by solar output ?
Solar output means that the sun’s energy varies over time
How is burning fossil fuels a human cause?
cars, factories and power stations release CO2
How is deforestation a human cause?
Fewer trees mean more CO2
How is farming a human cause?
Cows produce methane, fertilizers release greenhouse gases
How to manage climate change?
Use renewable energy (solar, wind, hydro)
Plant more trees (afforestation)
international agreements.
Build flood defences.
Grow draught- resistant crops
Relocate people from high risk area.
what’s meant by climate change?
Methods to mitigate climate change
Renewable Energy (solar, wind, hydro)
Afforestation (plant more trees)
Energy Efficiency (electric cars, LED lights)
Carbon Capture (store CO₂ underground)
ways to mitigate climate change
Use clean energy🌞
Stop deforestation🌳
save energy and use electric transport🚗⚡
Recycle and reduce ways🔄
Change farming methods🌾
what does rising temperature lead to?
Global warming causes heatwaves and droughts. 🌡️🔥
what does Melting Ice Caps & Glaciers lead to?
Leads to rising sea levels. 🏔️➡️🌊
what does rising of sea level lead to?
Coastal areas flood, damaging homes. 🌊🏠
What does More Extreme Weather lead to ?
Stronger storms, hurricanes, and wildfires. 🌪️🔥
What does Loss of Biodiversity lead to ?
Animals lose their habitats (polar bears, coral reefs). 🐻❄️🐠
Social Environmental Impacts Impacts (People & Health) 🚶♂️💔
✅ Food Shortages – Crops fail due to droughts & floods. 🌾🚫
✅ Water Scarcity – Less clean water in many areas. 🚱
✅ Health Problems – Heatwaves, diseases, and air pollution cause illness. 🤒
✅ Climate Refugees – People forced to leave homes due to floods or droughts. 🏚️🚶♂️
Economic enviromental Impacts 💰📉
✅ Damage to Infrastructure – Floods and storms destroy roads & buildings. 🏗️🌊
✅ Loss of Jobs – Farming, fishing, and tourism suffer. 🌾🐟🏝️
✅ Higher Costs – Governments spend billions on disaster recovery. 💸🏥
✅ Energy Demand Rises – More air conditioning needed in heatwaves = higher costs. 🔥⚡
Nature suffers
Nature suffers – More disasters, rising seas, and habitat loss.
🚨 People suffer
Food, water, and health problems increase.
🚨 Economies suffer
Damage to businesses, homes, and jobs.
How Climate Change is Managed Through Adaptation 🌍🔧
🌊 Sea walls & flood defenses protect against rising water.
🌾 Drought-resistant crops & smart irrigation help farmers.
💧 Water-saving techniques ensure supply during droughts.
🔥 Stronger buildings & warning systems prepare for extreme weather.
🌲 Ecosystem protection helps nature adapt.
✅ Adaptation = Learning to live with climate change! 🔧🌍
How enchanced green house effect works?
☀️ Sunlight enters Earth’s atmosphere.
🌍 Some heat escapes into space, but greenhouse gases trap some heat, keeping the planet warm.
🔥 Human activities add extra greenhouse gases, trapping too much heat and making the Earth warmer than normal.
Effects of the Enhanced Greenhouse Effect
🚨 Rising Global Temperatures – More heatwaves and extreme weather. 🌡️🔥
🚨 Melting Ice & Rising Sea Levels – Coastal areas flood. 🏝️🌊
🚨 More Droughts & Storms – Unpredictable weather, stronger hurricanes. 🌪️🚱
🚨 Damage to Wildlife & Ecosystems – Animals lose habitats (polar bears, coral reefs). 🐻❄️🐠
Main Greenhouse Gases & Their Human Sources
✅ Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) – From burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) in cars, factories, power plants. 🏭🚗
✅ Methane (CH₄) – From cow farming, rice paddies, and landfill waste. 🐄💨
✅ Nitrous Oxide (N₂O) – From fertilizers, industries, and burning fuels. 🌾🏭
