Natural Hazards

Question 1

state the tectonic hazards and what it is

Answer 1

where the casual factor is geological
e.g -tsunami
-volcanic erruptions
-earthquake

Question 2

state the atmospheric hazards and what it is

Answer 2

where the casual factor is an atmospheric process
-hurricanes
-cyclone
-tropical storms

Question 3

state the geomorphological hazards and what it is

Answer 3

where the casual factors a geological process
e.g -landslide
-avalanche
-sink hole

Question 4

state what hydrological hazards and what it is

Answer 4

where the casual factors a water process
e.g flash floods
-avalanches

Question 5

state what biological hazard is and examples

Answer 5

natural hazards involving living organisms e.g
-severe diseases
-animal and plant

Question 6

define the term natural hazard

Answer 6

-a naturall occuring event that poses risk to humans and property

Question 7

state the difference between a natural event and a natural hazard

Answer 7

-a natural event doesn’t effect human activity whereas natural hazards pose risk

Question 8

when does a natural event become a natural hazard

Answer 8

when it effects human activity

Question 9

define the term hazard risk

Answer 9

the chance or probability of being affected by a natural event

Question 10

state 4 factors that increase risks from natural hazards

Answer 10

-urbanisation
-poverty
-climate change
-farming

Question 11

explain why urbanisation increases risk from natural hazards

Answer 11

over 50% of the worlds population live in cities, which are at great risks to natural events

Question 12

explain why poverty increases risks from natural hazards

Answer 12

-in poorer parts of the world poverty forces people to live in areas at risk

Question 13

explain why climate change increases risk

Answer 13

-causes parts of the world to have an increased risk of flooding and other areas become drier and more prone to droughts

Question 14

why is farming a risk

Answer 14

-when a river floods it deposits fertile silt on a floodplain and people who live there are at risk to the floods

Question 15

state types of natural hazard

Answer 15

-earthquakes
-volcanic activity
-hurricanes
-droughts
-floods

Question 16

what are the primary effects of the Nepal April 2015 earthquake

Answer 16

-9000 people died and 20,000 people injured
-a third of Nepals population were affected
-3million people left homeless
-50% of shops were destroyed

Question 17

what are the secondary effects of nepal 2015

Answer 17

-ground shaking triggered avalanches and landslides which led to blocked roads
-avalanches on everest killed at least 19people
-landslide blocked the kali gandaki river

Question 18

what are the primary effects of a tectonic hazard
e.g chile feb 2010

Answer 18

-500 people killed and 12,000 injured
-4500 schools and 56 hospitals destroyed
-lost power, water supplies +communications
-cost was USDOLLA 30 billion

Question 19

secondary effects of chile

Answer 19

-1500km of roads damaged by landslides
-a fire near santiago
-remote communities cut off for many days

Question 20

immediate responses to the nepal earthquake

Answer 20

-search and rescue teams arrived quickly
-helicopters rescued people caught in avalanches
-finacial aid pledged from countries
-1/2 a million tents needed to provide shelter for homeless

Question 21

long term responses to nepal earthquake

Answer 21

-roads repaired
-landslides cleared
-homeless people rehoused and damaged homes repaired
-over 7000 schools rebuilt/repaired

Question 22

immediate responses to chile earthquake

Answer 22

-emergency services acted swiftly
-international help needed to supply field hospitals
-power + water restred to 90% of homes within 10days

Question 23

long term responses to chile

Answer 23

-a month after government launched a housing reconstruction plan to help 20,000 households
-strong economy could be rebuilt

Question 24

state 3 reasons why people choose to live in areas at risk from tectonic hazard

Answer 24

-employment, for tourism
-for minerals (copper, gold, silver)
-volcanic soils e.g for farmers

Question 25

why do people not leave areas at risk

Answer 25

-emotional attatchment to the place
-friends and family living there
-no fiancial ability to leave