Natural Hazards Flashcards
state the tectonic hazards and what it is
where the casual factor is geological
e.g -tsunami
-volcanic erruptions
-earthquake
state the atmospheric hazards and what it is
where the casual factor is an atmospheric process
-hurricanes
-cyclone
-tropical storms
state the geomorphological hazards and what it is
where the casual factors a geological process
e.g -landslide
-avalanche
-sink hole
state what hydrological hazards and what it is
where the casual factors a water process
e.g flash floods
-avalanches
state what biological hazard is and examples
natural hazards involving living organisms e.g
-severe diseases
-animal and plant
define the term natural hazard
-a naturall occuring event that poses risk to humans and property
state the difference between a natural event and a natural hazard
-a natural event doesn’t effect human activity whereas natural hazards pose risk
when does a natural event become a natural hazard
when it effects human activity
define the term hazard risk
the chance or probability of being affected by a natural event
state 4 factors that increase risks from natural hazards
-urbanisation
-poverty
-climate change
-farming
explain why urbanisation increases risk from natural hazards
over 50% of the worlds population live in cities, which are at great risks to natural events
explain why poverty increases risks from natural hazards
-in poorer parts of the world poverty forces people to live in areas at risk
explain why climate change increases risk
-causes parts of the world to have an increased risk of flooding and other areas become drier and more prone to droughts
why is farming a risk
-when a river floods it deposits fertile silt on a floodplain and people who live there are at risk to the floods
state types of natural hazard
-earthquakes
-volcanic activity
-hurricanes
-droughts
-floods
what are the primary effects of the Nepal April 2015 earthquake
-9000 people died and 20,000 people injured
-a third of Nepals population were affected
-3million people left homeless
-50% of shops were destroyed
what are the secondary effects of nepal 2015
-ground shaking triggered avalanches and landslides which led to blocked roads
-avalanches on everest killed at least 19people
-landslide blocked the kali gandaki river
what are the primary effects of a tectonic hazard
e.g chile feb 2010
-500 people killed and 12,000 injured
-4500 schools and 56 hospitals destroyed
-lost power, water supplies +communications
-cost was USDOLLA 30 billion
secondary effects of chile
-1500km of roads damaged by landslides
-a fire near santiago
-remote communities cut off for many days
immediate responses to the nepal earthquake
-search and rescue teams arrived quickly
-helicopters rescued people caught in avalanches
-finacial aid pledged from countries
-1/2 a million tents needed to provide shelter for homeless
long term responses to nepal earthquake
-roads repaired
-landslides cleared
-homeless people rehoused and damaged homes repaired
-over 7000 schools rebuilt/repaired
immediate responses to chile earthquake
-emergency services acted swiftly
-international help needed to supply field hospitals
-power + water restred to 90% of homes within 10days
long term responses to chile
-a month after government launched a housing reconstruction plan to help 20,000 households
-strong economy could be rebuilt
state 3 reasons why people choose to live in areas at risk from tectonic hazard
-employment, for tourism
-for minerals (copper, gold, silver)
-volcanic soils e.g for farmers
why do people not leave areas at risk
-emotional attatchment to the place
-friends and family living there
-no fiancial ability to leave
