nationalism and ethnicity

Question 1

what is the basis of nationalism and ethnicity?

Answer 1

identity

Question 2

what is identity?

Answer 2

it is the conception of self, selection of physical, psychological, emotional, or social attributes of particular individuals

Question 3

what does identity provide?

Answer 3

the framework within which people can determine their position on various issues, including prejudice and prejudgment

Question 4

what does identity create?

Answer 4

nations

Question 5

what is an ethnic group?

Answer 5

individuals who share a sense of common identity, based on a common set of historical experiences, national sentiments, religious beliefs, geo-location, common language, and culture

Question 6

what are the six criteria for the identification of an ethnic group?

Answer 6

a. must have a name
b. must believe in common ancestry
c. must share myths (historical memories)
d. attachment to a specific territory
e. share the same culture (language, religion, traditions, customs, laws, institutions (formal and informal))
f. be aware of their ethnicity

Question 7

define ethnicity

Answer 7

it is a subjective perception of those who belong to a particular group with a strong sense of identity or solidarity

Question 8

what is ethnic pluralism?

Answer 8

based on conquest and annexations, colonizing powers put many different groups together in the same country and there is population mobility (voluntary or forced)

Question 9

what are the six causes of ethnic conflicts

Answer 9

geographic proximitt, deliberated manipulation, modernization, inialibitlity of political institutions, transition to democracy and proliferation of weapons

Question 10

explain geo proximity as a cause of ethnic conflict

Answer 10

adversarial approach based on
a. influenced to expect the worst from each other
b. worst interpretation of each other’s words and behaviors
c. strong mutual distrust
(Lil Liput and Blesfuscu Gullivers Travels)

Question 11

explain deliberated manipulation as a cause of ethnic conflict

Answer 11

some leaders, following their agenda (political, economic, or social objectives) deliberately manipulate the perception of the other towards groups, mobilization
i.e. Anti-Indian sentiment and Black Supremacy in Uganda (Idi Amin dictator from 1971-1979)

Question 12

explain modernization as a cause of ethnic conflict

Answer 12

group deculturized and acquired new values, becoming less tolerant of traditional cultures, which can lead to an identity crisis

Question 13

explain the inability of political institutions as a cause of ethnic conflict

Answer 13

any nation should be able to acknowledge itself as multicultural

Question 14

explain the transition to democracy as a cause of ethnic conflict

Answer 14

lead to erasing: practices and norms, cultural identity, etc.

Question 15

explain the proliferation of weapons as a cause of ethnic conflict

Answer 15

drug lords, wars, etc. need weapons