National Core Pesticide Manual - Chapter Five

Question 1

Toxicity

Answer 1

ability of a pesticide to cause short term or long term injury

Question 2

Acute

Answer 2

short term injury; caused by a single, one time exposure event

Question 3

Chronic

Answer 3

long term injury

Question 4

Exposure

Answer 4

when pesticides get onto or into the body through he skin, lungs, mouth or by eye contact

Question 5

Hazard Formula

Answer 5

Toxicity x Exposure

Question 6

Local Effects

Answer 6

those that occur to the area of contact with skin, eyes or respiratory tract; contact symptoms

Question 7

Systemic Effects

Answer 7

occur once the substance is absorbed and distributed throughout the body; can be acute or chronic

Question 8

Allergy Effects

Answer 8

hypersensitivity to a specific substance (allergen)

Question 9

Four Primary Routes of Exposure

Answer 9

Skin (dermal), eyes (ocular), lungs (inhalation), mouth (oral)

Question 10

Main Route of Pesticide Entry

Answer 10

the skin, esp warm, moist areas

Question 11

LD

Answer 11

lethal dose, dose of a toxicant required to kill 50% of the population of test animals under a standard set of conditions (LOWER LD = GREATER TOXICITY)

Question 12

GHS Hazard Class I

Answer 12

highly toxic w/ acute oral LD50 DANGER / POISON / SKULL AND CROSSBONES; some may just say Danger

Question 13

GHS Hazard Class II

Answer 13

moderately toxic, WARNING / AVISO, LD50 from 50 - 500 mg / kg

Question 14

GHS Hazard Class III

Answer 14

CAUTION, slightly toxic LD50 from 500-5,000 mg / kg

Question 15

Delayed Effects

Answer 15

illnesses or injuries that do not appear immediately (within 24 hours) after exposure to a pesticide - could be weeks, months or even years

Question 16

Mild Poisoning Symptoms

Answer 16

fatigue, headache, dizziness, blurred vision, sweating / salivating, nausea / vomiting, stomach cramps / diarrhea

Question 17

Moderate Poisoning Symptoms

Answer 17

inability to walk, weakness, chest discomfort, constriction of pupils, mild symptoms to more severe

Question 18

Severe Poisoning Symptoms

Answer 18

unconsciousness, severe constriction of pupils, muscle twitching, running nose / drooling, diff breathing, coma / death

Question 19

Cholinesterase Inhibition

Answer 19

enzyme necessary for proper nerve impulse control, if reduced below a critical level nerve impulses can no longer be controlled (everything from movement to breathing)

Question 20

General First Aid

Answer 20

seek medical advice immediately, be alert for symptoms, wear PPE to assist, bring the label, call poison control, rinse affected area

Question 21

Pesticide on the Skin

Answer 21

remove contaminated clothing, wash the area with soap and water, shower do not bath, avoid harsh scrubbing, gently dry, cover chemical burns loosely with a clean soft cloth, wash contaminated clothing seperately

Question 22

Pesticide in the Eyes

Answer 22

respond quickly, hold eyelid open and flush with clean water, flush across not into or use an eyewash, continuously rinse for 15 minutes, flush under the eyelid, cover the eyelid with a clean piece of cloth and seek medical attention immediately

Question 23

Pesticide Inhalation

Answer 23

carry or assist to fresh air; do not let patient walk unassisted, do not attempt to rescue someone down in an enclosed area w/o PPE, warn others, have victim lie down and loosen clothing, keep victim warm and quiet, if seizing turn head to the side, monitor breathing, begin respirations if necessary

Question 24

Pesticide in Mouth or Swallowed

Answer 24

if not swallowed; rinse thoroughly, give victim large amounts of milk or water to drink. if swallowed; decide whether or not to induce vomiting - ONLY if label instructs you to do so

Question 25

Never Induce Vomiting

Answer 25

unconscious or convulsing, swallowed a corrosive, emulsifiable concentrate or oil solution (death if aspirated)

Question 26

How to Induce Vomiting

Answer 26

have victim kneel forward or lie on side, give victim two glasses of water to dilute, put finger or blunt end of spoon to back of throat, collect emesis for hospital