Nasolacrimal Flashcards

1
Q

Where does lipid come from

A

Meibomian glands

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2
Q

What does lipid do

A

covers aqueous layer and retards evaporation of the aqueous layer

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3
Q

Where does the aqueous layer come from

A

lacrimal glands and nictitating membrane

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4
Q

Where does mucin produced

A

Goblet cells in the conjuctiva

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5
Q

What is the purpose of mucin

A

fills irregularities of the corneal surface

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6
Q

Purpose of nasolacrimal apparatus

A

secretory components

Drainage system for tears

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7
Q

What are the secretory components of the nasolacrimal apparatus

A

Orbital lacrimal gland

Gland of TE

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8
Q

7 functions of tear film

A
Smooth
Lubricate
Oxygen
Remove by products
White blood cells
Debris removal
Defense
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9
Q

What does the Schirmer tear test evaluate

A

amount of tear fluid produced

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10
Q

What is the normal range for Schirmer tear test

A

15-25mm/min

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11
Q

When should you perform Schirmer tear test

A

all cases of conjunctivitis

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12
Q

How is the tear film break up test preformed

A

Fluorescen applied
Eyes blinked and held open
Tear film is observed under cobalt blue light until break in tear film is seen

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13
Q

What is tear film breakup time test

A

Indicator of tear stability

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14
Q

Signs of conjunctivitis

A

Some degree of hyperemia , chemosis, discharge, and blepharospasm

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15
Q

Classification of ocular discharge: early and mild

A

Serous

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16
Q

Classification of ocular discharge: chronic, thick KCS

17
Q

Classification of ocular discharge: bacterial

18
Q

What test should you always perform when you suspect conjunctivitis

19
Q

What is the most common cause of conjunctivitis in the dog

20
Q

What is the most common cause of conjunctivitis in the cat

A

Infectious

21
Q

If a cat is young, stressed, and/or immunocompromised, what disease becomes more common

22
Q

What is Keratoconjunctival seca

A

quantitative tear deficiency

23
Q

If you saw eye boogers (infection) what disease would you suspect

24
Q

Clinical signs of KCS

A

mucoid, ropy tenacious discharge

25
How do you diagnose KCS
Schirmer tear test
26
Most common etiology for KCS in the dog
immune mediated
27
Medical treatments for KCS
Stimulate tear production lube Control bacterial overproliferation Decrease surface inflammation
28
Two drugs used to increase tear production
Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus
29
3 surgical therapies for KCS
Parotid duct transposition Partial permanent tarsorrhaphy Punctial occlusion
30
Flow of tears onto the face as a result of decreased drainage of tears
Epiphora
31
NLD obstruction can cause what three things
Epiphora Mucoid discharge Secondary conjunctivitis
32
Medial-canthal pocket syndrome is caused by what
nasal fornix is large an dtraps debris leading to conjunctivitis
33
If an animal has cherry eye, should you amputate the gland
no
34
Where can neoplasia of the conjunctiva occur
bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva | Third eyelid