Nasolacrimal Flashcards
Where does lipid come from
Meibomian glands
What does lipid do
covers aqueous layer and retards evaporation of the aqueous layer
Where does the aqueous layer come from
lacrimal glands and nictitating membrane
Where does mucin produced
Goblet cells in the conjuctiva
What is the purpose of mucin
fills irregularities of the corneal surface
Purpose of nasolacrimal apparatus
secretory components
Drainage system for tears
What are the secretory components of the nasolacrimal apparatus
Orbital lacrimal gland
Gland of TE
7 functions of tear film
Smooth Lubricate Oxygen Remove by products White blood cells Debris removal Defense
What does the Schirmer tear test evaluate
amount of tear fluid produced
What is the normal range for Schirmer tear test
15-25mm/min
When should you perform Schirmer tear test
all cases of conjunctivitis
How is the tear film break up test preformed
Fluorescen applied
Eyes blinked and held open
Tear film is observed under cobalt blue light until break in tear film is seen
What is tear film breakup time test
Indicator of tear stability
Signs of conjunctivitis
Some degree of hyperemia , chemosis, discharge, and blepharospasm
Classification of ocular discharge: early and mild
Serous
Classification of ocular discharge: chronic, thick KCS
Mucoid
Classification of ocular discharge: bacterial
purulent
What test should you always perform when you suspect conjunctivitis
STT
What is the most common cause of conjunctivitis in the dog
secondary
What is the most common cause of conjunctivitis in the cat
Infectious
If a cat is young, stressed, and/or immunocompromised, what disease becomes more common
FHV-1
What is Keratoconjunctival seca
quantitative tear deficiency
If you saw eye boogers (infection) what disease would you suspect
KCS
Clinical signs of KCS
mucoid, ropy tenacious discharge
How do you diagnose KCS
Schirmer tear test
Most common etiology for KCS in the dog
immune mediated
Medical treatments for KCS
Stimulate tear production
lube
Control bacterial overproliferation
Decrease surface inflammation
Two drugs used to increase tear production
Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus
3 surgical therapies for KCS
Parotid duct transposition
Partial permanent tarsorrhaphy
Punctial occlusion
Flow of tears onto the face as a result of decreased drainage of tears
Epiphora
NLD obstruction can cause what three things
Epiphora
Mucoid discharge
Secondary conjunctivitis
Medial-canthal pocket syndrome is caused by what
nasal fornix is large an dtraps debris leading to conjunctivitis
If an animal has cherry eye, should you amputate the gland
no
Where can neoplasia of the conjunctiva occur
bulbar and palpebral conjunctiva
Third eyelid
