Nail bed Assessment Pt 2

Question 1

Leukonychia

Answer 1

Dots and lines that progress to the free edge of the nail

Question 2

Leukonychia is also known as

Answer 2

White nail syndrome

Question 3

Characteristics of Leukonychia

Answer 3

Can be congenital or acquired

Acquired is more common

Question 4

What can cause acquired leukonychia?

Answer 4

Hypocalcemia
Severe hypochromic anemia
Hodgkin disease
Renal failure
Malnutrition due to an eating disorder
Myocardial infarction
Hepatic cirrhosis

Question 5

Clubbing

Answer 5

Angle of nail bed and proximal skin fold around 160 degrees due to chronic oxygen deprivation

Question 6

Positive test for clubbing

Answer 6

If angle is greater than or equal to 180 deg

Question 7

Where does clubbing occur first?

Answer 7

In the index finger

Question 8

What can cause clubbing?

Answer 8

Chronic obstructvive lung disease (most common)
Congenital heart defects
Cor pulmonale
Cystic fibrosis
Malignancy
Paraneoplastic syndrome (may have rapid onset)
Polycythemia (may have rapid onset)

Question 9

Basic screening questions for nail bed assessments

Answer 9

How long have you had this?
Has it changed in the last 6 weeks to 6 months
Has your doctor seen it or are they aware of it