Myocarditis Flashcards
1
Q
causes
A
Chagas' disease viral bacterial fungal immunodeficiency toxin drugs immune conditions
2
Q
who does it commonly affect?
A
<50 years
3
Q
viral causes
A
parovirus B19 rubella coxsackie adenovirus EBV hepatitis C
4
Q
chagas’ disease
A
protozoa
worldwide most common cause of myocarditis
5
Q
toxins/drugs that cause myocarditis
A
amphetamines
cocaine
arsenic
cyclophosphamide
6
Q
immune conditions that cause myocarditis
A
SLE
sarcoidosis
scleroderma
7
Q
what is myocarditis?
A
inflammation of myocardium without acute/chronic ischaemia
8
Q
pathophysiology
A
infectious organism invades myocardium local and systemic immunological activation cellular and humoral immune activation worsened local inflammation anti-heart antibody production myonecrosis
9
Q
investigations
A
bloods FBC U&Es LFTs ECG CXR CRP Echo consider MRI hard to distinguish from acute coronary syndrome
10
Q
blood results
A
raised CRP
raised troponin
11
Q
ECG results
A
minor ST depression non-specific changes QRS/QT prolongation diffuse T wave inversion ventricular arrhythmias AV conduction defects widespread ST changes sinus tachycardia
12
Q
clinical features
A
very variable
usually benign without significant complications
often preceded by viral illness 2-3 weeks prior
13
Q
examples of clinical features
A
leg swelling chest pain syncope palpatations arrhythmias cardiac failure dilated cardiomyopathy SOB progressive fatigue low O2 sats raised RR bilateral crepitations low BP tachycardia raised JVP pitting oedema pulmonary oedema
14
Q
CXR results
A
hazy widespread opacification
obscured costophrenic angle
cardiomegaly
pulmonary oedema
15
Q
management
A
analgesia ACE inhibitors vasodilators beta blockers oxygen diuretics - spironolactone treat underlying cause
