Myocardial Infarction Flashcards
What can be defined as the rapid development of myocardial necrosis by a critical imbalance between oxygen supply and demand to the myocardium?
Myocardial Infarction
What are the 3 acute coronary syndromes?
- ST-elevation MI (STEMI)
- Non ST-elevation MI (NSTEMI)
- Unstable angina
Which type of MI has a better and which has a worse prognosis?
NSTEMI has a better prognosis than STEMI
How many coronary arteries are there?
2
-% of patients have abnormal coronary arteries (1 or 3)
7-8
If the myocardium receives at least __% of oxygen the heart will function
60%
A quadruple bypass involves what arteries?
- Right marginal artery
- Posterior descending artery
- Circumflex artery
- Left Anterior Descending artery (LAD)
What are the 5 layers of the heart from outer to innermost?
- Fibrous pericardium
- Parietal pericardium
- Visceral pericardium
- Myocardium
- Endocardium
Which layer of the heart is the thickest?
myocardium
What percentage of arterial blood goes to the myocardium?
95%
What do transmural and non-transmural means?
- Transmural = Full thickness
- Non-transmural = Partial thickness
What are ECGs good at depicting?
Q wave changes
What are 5 signs and symptoms indicative of MI?
- Anterior “precordium” tightness
- Pain that radiates to the jaw, neck, left elbow or pinky, and epigastrium
- Dyspnea
- Nausea/abdominal pain
- Anxiety
Describe how increased blood flow through congested arteries can get progressively worse over time
Increased blood flow may cause a “ripping” of the plaques on the artery walls which exposes the underlying collagen. The body will then send platelets to the area which only makes the area more congested.
What is the most frequent cause of MI?
rupture of an atherosclerotic lesion within coronary wall with subsequent spasm and thrombus formation
