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Microbiology > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Substance in fungal cell wall

A

Chitin

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1
Q

Character of fungi: true nucleus, 80s ribosomes, mitochondria

A

Eukaryotic

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2
Q

Major membrane sterol of fungi

A

Ergosterol

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3
Q

Inhibit ergosterol synthesis

A

Imidazole antifungals

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4
Q

Bind more tightly to ergosterol than cholesterol

A

Polyene antifungals

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5
Q

Organisms living on dead organic material

A

Saprophytic or saprobic

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6
Q

Two basic forms of fungal structure

A

Yeast Mold

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7
Q

Basic forms of fungal structure exhibit this character

A

Thermal dimorphism

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8
Q

Two type of host response of fungal pathogens

A

Granulomatous response Pyogenic response

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9
Q

Fungal toxin in Amanita mushroom that causes liver necrosis

A

Amanitin Phylloidin

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10
Q

Ingestion of contaminated peanuts and grains causes liver cancer due to

A

Aflatoxin (Aspergillus flavus toxin)

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11
Q

Laboratory diagnosis of fungi that uses low pH to inhibit the growth of bacteria

A

Sabouraud’s agar

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12
Q

Infect only superficial keratinized structures Septate hyphae in 10% KOH Hyphae and conidia on Sabouraud’s agar Green fluorecence on Wood’s lamp

A

Dermatophytoses

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13
Q

Three important dermatophytes

A

Microsporum canis Trichophyton tonsurans Epidermophyton floccosum

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14
Q

Asteroid body Dimorphic fungi that lives on vegetation Occurs most often in gardeners via thorn prick

A

Sporotrichosis

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15
Q

Dimorphic fungus that exists as mold in soil and yeast in tissue/spherules Inhaled by arthrospores Treated with amphotericin B or itraconazole

A

Coccidioides immitis

16
Q

Influenza-like illness Lung infiltrates, adenopathy, effusions Erythema nodosum Arthralgias Meningitis

A

Valley fever

17
Q

Two great mimickers of PTB

A

Histoplasmosis Paragonimus

18
Q

Two types of of asexual spores formed by Histoplasma capsulatum

A

Tuberculate macroconidia Microconidia

19
Q

Round yeast with broad-base bud Transmitted by inhalation of conidia Most common cause of fungal pneumonia Ulcerated granulomas Lytic bone lesions Prostatitis

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

20
Q

Thick yeast with multiple buds in wheel configuration (mariner’s wheel) Transmitted via inhalation of conidia Chronic pneumonia with painful ulcers on mouth and nose

A

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis

21
Q

Predisposing factors to opportunistic mycosis

A

Broad-spectrum antibiotic use Steroid use Hematologic malignancies Transplant recipients Systemic chemotherapy AIDS

22
Q

Normal flora of URT, GIT, FGUT May appear as oval yeast with a single bud or as pseudohyphae Form germ tubes in serum and chlamydo-spores in culture

A

Candida Albicans

23
Q

Presentation of Candida albicans in immunocompromised patients

A

Pseudomembranous esophagitis Subcutaneous nodules Right-sided endocarditis

24
Q

Diagnostic tests that show the presence of Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Oval yeast with narrow-based bud surrounded by a wide polysacchtadise capsule seen in India ink preparation Positive latex agglutination test

25
Q

Grows abundant in soil with bird droppings Transmission by inhalation of airborne yeast cell (Eucalyptus tree) Asymptomatic lung infection, meningitis, encephalitis

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

26
Q

Exists as molds, with septate hyphae that form V-shaped dichotomous branches

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

27
Q

Asthmatic symptoms with expectoration of brownish bronchial pulgs

A

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

28
Q

Saprophytic mold with non-septate hyphae with walls and branches at right angles Rhino-orbital-cerebral infectionnwith eschar formation Common in patients with DKA, burns, leukemia

A

Rhizopus oryzae / Mucormycosis

29
Q

An indeterminate organism that is diagnosed by staining BAL washings Transmission is by inhalation of cysts Cysts in the alveoli induce an inflammatory response consisting plasma cells Seen in diffuse interstitial pneumonia with ground glass infiltrates bilaterally

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci

30
Q

Major surface glycoproteinnof Pneumocystis jiroveci undergoes _____

A

Programmed rearrangements

31
Q

Inciting organism of Tinea Versicolor Spaghetti and meatballs appearance on 10% KOH

A

Malassezia Furfur

Microbiology (9 decks)

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