Mycobacterium avium complex treatments Flashcards
1
Q
Where is Mycobacterium avium complex seen most frequently?
A
In immunocompromised patients
Pulmonary disease
10-40% HIV patients infected
2
Q
How do you treat Mycobacterium avium complex?
A
Triple therapy for newly diagnosed for 12 months:
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Clarithromycin OR Azithromycin
Only 50% success rate of clearing bacteria
3
Q
What do you use if Rifampin tolerance occurs?
A
Rifabutin - LONG half life
Can cause rash, neutropenia, blurred vision, discolored bodily fluids, induces p450 enzymes
4
Q
What other agents can be used for mycobacterium avium complex?
A
Ciprofloxacin
Clofazimine
5
Q
What drugs are used for prophylaxis? In what population?
A
Clarithromycin and azithromycin can be used for prophylaxis in HIV infections
