Mycobacterial disease Flashcards
What staining can you use for mycobacteria
acid-alcohol fast (resist decoloration by alcohol)
AAuramine
Ziehl Neelsen
What is transmission for non tuberculous mycobacteria
NOT person to person
what mycobacteria is associated with cardiothoracic procedures
mycobacterium chimera
what mycobacterium is associated with swimming pool granuloma
mycobacterium marinum
what mycobacterium is associated with skin ulcers
mycobacterium ulcerans
what is treatment for NTM
MACROLIDE
what is treatment for mycobacterium avian intracellulare
clarythromycin + rifampicin + ethambutol
what pathogen causes leprosy
mycobacterium leprae
what are three options that occur when you come into contact with TB patient
infected
latently infected
not infected at all
what can occur 5 years after initial TB infection
Post primary TB
what does pulmonary TB cause
caveating granulomas
what does extra pulmonary TB cause
lymphadenitis (scrofula, abscesses, CERVICAL lymph nodes)
GI (swallowing of tubercles)
Bone and joint
What is TB to the spine called
Potts disease
what is miliary TB
overwhelming seeding
millet seeds on CXR
haematogeneous TB
how do you investigate TB
CXR
sputum x3 > culture
broncoscopy
biopsies
how do you detect latent TB
tuberculin skin test
IGRA assay
what is the histological hallmark of TB
caveating granulomata
what test for latent TB is better if you have had BCG
IGRA
because TST cross reacts with BCG
what is TB treatment
RIPE
rifampicin + isoniazid 6 months
pyrazinamide + ethambutol 2 months
what is the side effect of rifampicin
orange secretions > can be used to assess adherence
what is the side effect of isoniazid
peripheral neuropathy
what can you give to counter the effect of isoniazid
pyridoxine
what is the side effect of ethambutol
optic neuritis
what is the side effect of pyrazinamide
hepatotoxic
