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G108 > My Notes: Metamorphic Rocks, Geology of Saskatchewan, and Meteorites > Flashcards

My Notes: Metamorphic Rocks, Geology of Saskatchewan, and Meteorites Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 things that result from groundwater?

A
  1. concretions and nodules
  2. veins
  3. cement, fossil replacement
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2
Q

What are plastics made from?

A

petroleum

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3
Q

What rocks are the most economically useful?

A

sedimentary

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4
Q

What are the two types of metamorphism?

A

Contact and Regional

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5
Q

What does the type of metamorphism depend on?

A

the temp that was reached

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6
Q

When does the metamorphic process begin?

A

at ~250 degrees celsius

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7
Q

Which melts at a lower temp, granite or basalt?

A

granite

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8
Q

How does a mineral with an atomic lattice structure break down?

A

Slowly as atoms are freed from the crystal lattice by increased vibration. Breaks electron bonding with adjacent atoms and combines with other atoms.

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9
Q

What is the temp of medium grade meta. rx?

A

450-550

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10
Q

What is the temp of low grade meta. rx?

A

250

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11
Q

What the temp of high grade meta rocks?

A

650

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12
Q

What is the temp that all rocks, regardless, will melt at?

A

1200

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13
Q

What does recrystallization result from

A

“solid state ion diffusion” which increases with temperature (pressure a bit)

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14
Q

What is the melt temp at contact metamorphism usually?

A

700

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15
Q

What is contact metamorphism?

A
  • Batholith exposed by erosion
  • Beside that body, there is a zone where country rock is metamorphosed. Fades away as it moves away from the batholith’s heat.
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16
Q

What are 3 forms of evidence of asteroid and meteoroidal impacts?

A
  1. impact craters
  2. meteorites
  3. tektites
17
Q

What happens with big meteorites?

A

They disintegrate through atmosphere, hit ground with explosive force pound for pound, and explode when they hit and vaporize.

  • Leave no record except microscopic vapour
  • Leave impact crater
18
Q

Why is the Earth not covered in impact craters like the moon is?

A

Earth is not full of impact craters because of geological processes that wipe them out –> subduction, burial, erosion, filled with stone, etc.

19
Q

How many impact craters are left in Saskatchewan? How many are buried, of those how many are left?

A
  • 6
  • 3
  • 2
20
Q

What was buzzard coulee?

A

Fireball —> exploded –> left pieces that exposed –> 6 explosions total

21
Q

How high was buzzard coulee? How long was it is the atmosphere and how fast did it go?

A
  • 80 km high
  • 20 km/sec
  • 5 seconds in atmosphere
22
Q

What are pits in meteorites due to? What are they good for?

A

Irregular melting and help identify meteorites

23
Q

What is the difference between meteorites and meteors/meteoroid?

A
  • Meteorites are not hot or radioactive when they land. They make it to ground.
  • Meteors are in air or in space
24
Q

What is on the inside of the majority of iron meteorites?

A

a crystal structure

25
Q

What do chrondites contain? Percent of fall

A
  • contain chrondules

- 86% of falls

26
Q

What don’t achrondites contain? Percent of falls?

A
  • don’t contain chrondules

- 8% of observed falls

27
Q

What are CAI’s?

A
  • Pre-solar

- Older than the age of Earth

28
Q

Do most achrondites have metallic iron?

A

Most have no metallic iron

29
Q

Do achrondites contain CAI’s?

A

no

30
Q

What are mesosiderites?

A

fragments of iron and stone

31
Q

What are impact breccia?

A

A collection of broken fragments (rubble pit) of several different meteorite types…mesosiderites. MIB’s are common in all the chemical types of meteorites, but not always easy to recognize. (Rarest kind of meteorite)

32
Q

What are primitive meteorites?

A

We call chrondite meteorites the primitive meteorites because they recognize the study that all the solar system was made of. Oldest stuff we have.

33
Q

What are carbonaceous chrondites?

A
  • Have carbon in an organic form –> amino acids
  • Amino acids are the basic chemical material of DNA
  • Our biological material not found in chrondites
34
Q

What are the primary geological resources of Saskatchewan?

A

petroleum and potash

G108 (23 decks)

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