MWF 10 - 3 Flashcards
What is a Sulcus?
the groove between the gum and the cheek or lip; continuous structure labeled as either anterior or lateral
What are the Faucial Pillars?
the arch-like structures that signal start of pharyngeal stage of swallowing
What kind of structures are the Sulcus and the Faucial Pillars?
Oral Structures
What are the Valleculae?
the pocket formed between the epiglottis and the base of tongue
What are the Pyriform Sinuses?
a way for food and liquids to travel around the larynx through these spaces
What are the Pharyngeal constrictors (3)?
the three muscles that squeeze a bolus down into the esophagus; superior, middle, and inferior
What kind of structures are the Valleculae, Pyriform Sinuses, and Pharyngeal Constrictors?
Pharyngeal Structures
What are the Esophageal Structures involved in swallowing?
Esophagus
Upper Esophageal Sphincter
Lower Esophageal Sphincter
What are the six valves of swallow?
- Lips
- Oral tongue & Anterior Hard Palate
- Velum & Posterior Pharyngeal Wall
- Tongue base & Posterior Pharyngeal Wall
- Larynx (epiglottis & true vocal folds & false vocal folds)
- Upper Esophageal Sphincter
What are the 4 stages of swallow?
I. Oral Preparatory Phase
II. Oral Phase
III. Pharyngeal Phase
IV. Esophageal Phase
When the bolus reaches the area of the faucial arches, the swallow response is triggered and the ______________ phase begins
Pharyngeal Phase
In the Pharyngeal Phase, the ______ palate elevates to prevent the bolus from entering the nasal cavity
Soft palate
In order to swallow food properly, we need (low/high) pharyngeal pressure and (low/high) tracheal pressure
HIGH pharyngeal pressure
LOW tracheal pressure
Esophageal _______________ (a wave of contraction) moves food through the esophagus
esophageal PERISTALSIS
Aging delays triggering of _________ stage of swallow
Pharyngeal Stage
Aging leads to decreased _________ elevation
Laryngeal elevation
Aging impeded _________ function and increases reflux
Esophageal function
What are the common diagnoses associated with Dysphagia?
What are characteristics of Parkinson’s Disease?
- Movement limitations
- Difficult swallow
- Tremor
- Rigidity
- Slow movement
Repeated evaluation is needed for ________ Disease because of the progressive nature of the diagnosis
Parkinson’s
What is Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and symptoms?
Attributed to the accumulation of tau protein in the brain
- Stiffness and tremor
- Cognitive changes
What disease is known as “the other Parkinson’s”?
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
True or False: The cognitive changes in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy presents later than in Alzheimers
False; The cognitive changes in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy presents EARLIER than in Alzheimers
What is Dementia?
a cognitive decline, often accompanied by swallowing impairment as the condition progresses