MWF 10 - 2 Flashcards
What is needed for successful speech production?
- Create a Plan
- Refine the Plan
- Transmit the Plan
- Carry out the Plan
True or False: When there’s a pattern of breakdown along the way, the patient has a motor speech disorder
True
What are some differences in speech for a person who has a Motor Speech Disorder?
-Fumbling
-Inconsistent
-Halting
-Slurred
-Unintelligible
-Weak
-Harsh
What is a key characteristic of speech in a Motor Speech Disorder?
Weakness in speech
What are the two types of Motor Speech Disorders?
- Apraxia
- Dysarthria
True or False: Apraxia is a disorder of motor execution
False; disorder of motor PLANNING
What is Dysarthria?
a disorder of execution, in which motor plans are distorted or disrupted
What are the subtypes of Apraxia?
-Apraxia of Speech
-Oral Apraxia
-Limb Apraxia
-Ideomotor Apraxia
-Ideational Apraxia
What is Apraxia of Speech?
speech is affected but can still do nonverbal tasks
What is Oral Apraxia?
oral tasks in general are affected
inability to move tongue around
affects verbal and nonverbal functioning
What is Limb Apraxia?
affects both arms and legs and the plan to carry out limb movement
What is Ideomotor Apraxia?
understands what’s being asked of them, but cannot complete task
What is Ideational Apraxia?
difficulty with spontaneous and requested actions, may not understand what’s being asked of them
What are some causes of Acquired Apraxia?
Injury to:
-Motor Strip
-Broca’s Area
-Basal Ganglia
- Cerebellum
-Supplementary Motor Area
Where are the most common lesion sites for Acquired Apraxia?
-Left Hemisphere damage
-Often to posterior portion of frontal cortex
What are some symptoms of Acquired Apraxia?
-Groping Behaviors
-Inconsistent error patterns
- Islands of intact speech
-Requested action < Voluntary action
-Slow rate
-Artic errors
-Atypical prosody
-Impaired initiation
What are the three key symptoms of Acquired Apraxia?
*Groping behaviors
*Inconsistent errors, with islands of intact speech
*Voluntary action preferred over Requested action
What are the four patterns of Articulation Errors?
-Metatheses
-Sound Substitutions
-Syllable Repetitions
-Epentheses
What is the definition of Metatheses?
initial sound and medial sound gets transposed or switched
What is the definition of Epentheses?
inserting an extra sound where it doesn’t belong
ex: /bʌlu/ “buhloo” instead of /blu/ “blue”
What are the three Apraxia therapy treatments?
-PROMPT
-MIT
-Biofeedback
What is PROMPT?
an Apraxia therapy treatment where clinicians specifically cue each speech movement with use of their hands on the clients mouth to form speech sounds
What does PROMPT stand for?
Prompts for Restructuring Oral Muscular Phonetic Targets
What is Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT)?
an Apraxia therapy treatment where clinicians use rhythmic cues to invoke a phrase said by the client in a singing voice