CP 4 Flashcards
True or False: Treatment techniques are NOT disorder specific
False; they are disorder specific
What are Treatment Principles?
Empirical Rules from which treatment procedures are derived; Things that have been experimentally researched and have been proved to be reliable and valid
Ex: Positive Reinforcement
What are Treatment Procedures?
Technical operations that the clinician performs to effect changes in the client’s behavior; Some of the things that a clinician does to provide positive reinforcement
Ex: give client a sticker each time he gets a sound right to enforce positive reinforcement
True or False: Treatment Principles are broad, abstract, and there are fewer than treatment procedures
True
What is a Treatment Paradigm?
an overall philosophy of treatment
What is Contingency?
Describes the relationship between 2 events; these events influence one another
What is Genetic/Neurophysiologic Contingency?
Things that cannot be manipulated; therefore have to accept and deal with effects; Cannot manipulate or change someone’s genetic makeup
What is Environmental Contingency?
Things that can be manipulated; more concerning what we do in therapy and its effect on what the client does and inversely.
What are the three interrelated variables of environmental contingencies?
- Antecedent Events
- Response
- Consequences
What are the three reasons to collect data?
- To assess a client’s behavior
- To motivate our clients
- For accountability
What are the five units of measurement?
- Simple Enumeration
- Number of Correct Examples
- Percentage of Correct Responses
- Learning Curves
- Latency of Responses
What are involved in Objective Rating Scales?
Involves numbers and self-rating scales
What are Descriptive Rating Scales?
Not based on real numbers, more labeled answers
What is Empirical Validity?
Procedures that have been experimentally demonstrated to be effective
What is Logical Validity?
When there is no experimental research to back it up
What are Treatment Targets?
what the client is expected to do in a session
What is a Treatment Procedure?
the behaviors that the clinician does to reach the target
What is a Treatment Program?
Describes all of the clinician and client behaviors
What is a Treatment Variable?
The technical operations performed by the clinician to induce, reduce, or eliminate certain client behaviors
What are the two main approaches to selecting target behaviors?
- Normative Approach
- Client-Specific Approach
What is a Normative Approach?
selecting target behaviors that are appropriate for the client in view of their age and age-based norms
What is a Client-specific Approach?
select targets that would make an immediate and significant difference in the child’s communication regardless of the norms
What are the Three Guidelines For Selecting Target Behaviors Setting Goals With The Patient And Family Members/Caregivers
- Select behaviors that will make an immediate and socially significant difference
- Select that will be produced and reinforced at home and other natural settings
- Select behaviors that help expand communication skills
True or False: In establishing functional goals of therapy, clinicians must consider not only what the patient needs and wants to do but also what the patient can possibly do given the current status
True!
What are Long-Term Goals in Speech Therapy?
Should reflect the highest level of desired function anticipated upon discharge
What are Short-Term Goals in Speech Therapy?
The steppingstones, targeted specific areas that are used to increase overall function in order to achieve LTG
“Patient will understand spoken language in simple 1:1 conversational settings by responding appropriately when no cues are provided” is an example of what kind of goal? (LTG or STG)
Long term Goal
“Patient will follow one-step commands with 90% accuracy to enhance the patient’s ability to follow directions for activities and ADLs.” is an example of what kind of goal? (LTG or STG)
Short term Goal
What are the three reasons why we need target behaviors?
- To be accountable
- To allow others to replicate treatment procedures
- Observers can verify the results
What are SMART goals?
Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Realistic
Timely
True or False: To set a Measurable goal, one must answer the 6 “W” questions.
False: to set a SPECIFIC goal
True or False: In order for a goal to be Measurable, there MUST be a tangible criterion for measuring progress toward the attainment of each goal you set
True
True or False: A realistic goal is one that is attainable but also one the patient and family agrees they are willing to work toward
True
What are three components to better Short-Term goals?
Goals should be written in functional terms
A functional goal tells why you are working on something
It should be written in terms that a non-SLP can understand
