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AcDec 2015 > Music > Flashcards

Music Flashcards

1
Q

A shehnai is a __________.

A

Aerophone

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2
Q

A kartal is a __________.

A

Idiophone

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3
Q

A tambura is a __________.

A

Chordophone

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4
Q

A kanjira is a __________.

A

Membranophone

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5
Q

A tabla is a __________.

A

Membranophone

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6
Q

A sarangi is a __________.

A

Chordophone

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7
Q

A dholak is a __________.

A

Membranophone

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8
Q

A vina is a __________.

A

Chordophone

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9
Q

A sarod is a __________.

A

Chordophone

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10
Q

A ghatam is a __________.

A

Idiophone

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11
Q

A kamaicha is a __________.

A

Chordophone

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12
Q

A dhol is a __________.

A

Membranophone

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13
Q

A mridangam is a __________.

A

Membranophone

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14
Q

A ektar is a __________.

A

Chordophone

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15
Q

A sitar is a __________.

A

Chordophone

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16
Q

What scale offers twelve pitches?

A

Chromatic

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17
Q

The ___________ is considered the strong beat.

A

Downbeat

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18
Q

Microtones are ________ than half steps.

A

Smaller

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19
Q

What is the most common rural drum in North India?

A

The dholak

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20
Q

What is the classical music of North India?

A

Hindustani

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21
Q

What is the classical music of South India?

A

Carnatic

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22
Q

Indian Classical Music is a term for the music based on ________ and ________.

A

Raga and Tala

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23
Q

A history of music theory is preserved most in which language?

A

Sanskirt

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24
Q

What is the field called? (Music Technical Works)

A

Sangita Shastra

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25
Q

Written texts of music theory in India represent which kind of tradition?

A

Oral Tradition

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26
Q

How were formal rules transmitted?

A

Through memorization for many generations

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27
Q

What is a compendium of theory on music, theater, and dance?

A

Natyashastra

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28
Q

What are the two categories of theory of musical pitch?

A

Svara and shruti

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29
Q

A special sound, ornamented with specific pitches and syllables which delights the minds of listeners.

A

Raga

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30
Q

When was Sangitaratnakara written?

A

The fourteenth century

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31
Q

What is the title of the premier text for the medieval period?

A

Sangitaratnakara

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32
Q

How many chapters did Sangitaratnakara have?

A

7

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33
Q

Sangitaratnakara was the basis for several other texts written in what language?

A

Persian and assorted regional languages

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34
Q

The chapters cover…

A

Pitch, melody, various techniques, compositions, rhythm, instruments, and dance

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35
Q

Pitch=

A

Svara

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36
Q

Melody=

A

Raga

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37
Q

Various techniques=

A

Prakiranaka

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38
Q

Compositions=

A

Prabandha

39
Q

Rhythm=

A

Tala

40
Q

Instruments=

A

Vadya

41
Q

Dance=

A

Nrtya

42
Q

During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries where was music appreciated as an urbane art?

A

In the cities

43
Q

Vishnu Digambar Paluskar focused on…

A

Devotional sensibilities

44
Q

Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande reinterpreted __________ and presented _________.

A

Sanskirt; music curriculum

45
Q

When and where was the Madras Music Academy founded?

A

1928 in present-day Chennai

46
Q

What system of music theory did Madras Music Academy want to standardize?

A

Carnatic music theory

47
Q

Raga is a set of melodic _________ used for playing both composed and __________ material.

A

Motifs; improvised

48
Q

What pitches does the Hindustani Raga Yaman use?

A

Natural or Western major scale with a sharp 4th

49
Q

What are the main resting notes of the Raga Yaman?

A

The 3rd and 7th

50
Q

What are the phrasings in Raga Yaman?

A

A repetitive 7 2 3 and 7 6 4 6 5

51
Q

There is a spade between which two phrases in Raga Yaman?

A

2 and 3

52
Q

In Raga Yaman which phrase is sharpened?

A

7th

53
Q

What is fundamental to a Raga?

A

It’s expressive quality

54
Q

Hindustani music connects ragas with a certain __________.

A

Time of day

55
Q

When should Raga Yaman be performed?

A

After dark

56
Q

Ragas can also be associated with a __________.

A

Season

57
Q

When is Raga Megh performed?

A

During monsoon seasons

58
Q

When a Raga is performed where does the main musician sit?

A

In the center of the ensemble

59
Q

While the performing a raga the drum accompanist sit to the ________ of the main musician.

A

Right

60
Q

Hindustani music usually features which percussion instrument?

A

A tabla

61
Q

In Carnatic music what are the main drums of choice?

A

Mridangam and kanjira

62
Q

On the left of the main musician is a(n)_________.

A

Accompanying melody player

63
Q

In Hindustani music the accompanying melody player will most commonly be a …

A

Harmonium or Sarangi player

64
Q

In Carnatic music the accompanying melody player would be playing a …

A

Violin

65
Q

Behind he ensemble on one or both sides will be a ___________ player.

A

Tambura

66
Q

Which instruments echo the main melody in a raga?

A

Violin, sarangi, or harmonium

67
Q

The drummer keeps the ________ rhythmic cycle during a raga.

A

Tala

68
Q

Which instruments play in unison with the main performer during the composed sections of a raga?

A

Violin, sarangi, or harmonium

69
Q

The tambura drones the ________ note throughout the whole performance of a raga.

A

Tonic

70
Q

Svara is a Sanskirt term for ____________.

A

Sound

71
Q

How many svaras make up the scale?

A

Seven

72
Q

The seven pitches are….?

A

Shadja, Rishabha, Gandhara, Madhyama, Panchama, Dhaivata, and Nishada

73
Q

How are the pitches regularly designated?

A

With their first syllables.

74
Q

What are the pitches referred to as when they are sung?

A

Carnatic: singing svaras
Hindustani: singing in sargam

75
Q

What are the singing svaras/singing in sargam?

A

Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni

76
Q

Writing notation in the ___________ ____________ the ____________ letter is used for the pitch.

A

Roman Alphabet; first

77
Q

Saptaka:

A

Consisting of seven

78
Q

Saptaka is also referred to as…

A

Octave

79
Q

How many pitches are present in the Hindustani and Carnatic octave?

A

Twelve

80
Q

How is tuning of pitches accomplished?

A

By ear

81
Q

Shruti:

A

Microtone

82
Q

_________ is the smallest interval that the ear can discern.

A

Shruti

83
Q

The octave consists of how many shrutis?

A

22

84
Q

Which pitches have 4 shrutis?

A

Sa, Ma, and Pa

85
Q

How many shrutis do Re and Dha have?

A

Three

86
Q

Which pitches have 2 shrutis?

A

Ga and Ni

87
Q

What idea among others died out in the medieval period?

A

The moveable tonic

88
Q

When referring to musicians and listeners alike, shruti can be called a…

A

Delicate shading of pitch

89
Q

What gives color and life to a raga?

A

Shrutis

90
Q

Gamaka:

A

The collective profusion of slides, turns, and flourishes

91
Q

Carnatic theory has how many basic gamakas?

A

Ten

92
Q

Name two ornaments involved in Carnatic gamakas.

A

Andolan (oscillation), sphurita (touch)

93
Q

Name two ornaments involved in Hindustani gamakas.

A

Meend (slide), murki (knot)

94
Q

Notation is merely…

A

A tool to trigger the students memory

AcDec 2015 (14 decks)

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