Music Flashcards
A shehnai is a __________.
Aerophone
A kartal is a __________.
Idiophone
A tambura is a __________.
Chordophone
A kanjira is a __________.
Membranophone
A tabla is a __________.
Membranophone
A sarangi is a __________.
Chordophone
A dholak is a __________.
Membranophone
A vina is a __________.
Chordophone
A sarod is a __________.
Chordophone
A ghatam is a __________.
Idiophone
A kamaicha is a __________.
Chordophone
A dhol is a __________.
Membranophone
A mridangam is a __________.
Membranophone
A ektar is a __________.
Chordophone
A sitar is a __________.
Chordophone
What scale offers twelve pitches?
Chromatic
The ___________ is considered the strong beat.
Downbeat
Microtones are ________ than half steps.
Smaller
What is the most common rural drum in North India?
The dholak
What is the classical music of North India?
Hindustani
What is the classical music of South India?
Carnatic
Indian Classical Music is a term for the music based on ________ and ________.
Raga and Tala
A history of music theory is preserved most in which language?
Sanskirt
What is the field called? (Music Technical Works)
Sangita Shastra
Written texts of music theory in India represent which kind of tradition?
Oral Tradition
How were formal rules transmitted?
Through memorization for many generations
What is a compendium of theory on music, theater, and dance?
Natyashastra
What are the two categories of theory of musical pitch?
Svara and shruti
A special sound, ornamented with specific pitches and syllables which delights the minds of listeners.
Raga
When was Sangitaratnakara written?
The fourteenth century
What is the title of the premier text for the medieval period?
Sangitaratnakara
How many chapters did Sangitaratnakara have?
7
Sangitaratnakara was the basis for several other texts written in what language?
Persian and assorted regional languages
The chapters cover…
Pitch, melody, various techniques, compositions, rhythm, instruments, and dance
Pitch=
Svara
Melody=
Raga
Various techniques=
Prakiranaka
Compositions=
Prabandha
Rhythm=
Tala
Instruments=
Vadya
Dance=
Nrtya
During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries where was music appreciated as an urbane art?
In the cities
Vishnu Digambar Paluskar focused on…
Devotional sensibilities
Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande reinterpreted __________ and presented _________.
Sanskirt; music curriculum
When and where was the Madras Music Academy founded?
1928 in present-day Chennai
What system of music theory did Madras Music Academy want to standardize?
Carnatic music theory
Raga is a set of melodic _________ used for playing both composed and __________ material.
Motifs; improvised
What pitches does the Hindustani Raga Yaman use?
Natural or Western major scale with a sharp 4th
What are the main resting notes of the Raga Yaman?
The 3rd and 7th
What are the phrasings in Raga Yaman?
A repetitive 7 2 3 and 7 6 4 6 5
There is a spade between which two phrases in Raga Yaman?
2 and 3
In Raga Yaman which phrase is sharpened?
7th
What is fundamental to a Raga?
It’s expressive quality
Hindustani music connects ragas with a certain __________.
Time of day
When should Raga Yaman be performed?
After dark
Ragas can also be associated with a __________.
Season
When is Raga Megh performed?
During monsoon seasons
When a Raga is performed where does the main musician sit?
In the center of the ensemble
While the performing a raga the drum accompanist sit to the ________ of the main musician.
Right
Hindustani music usually features which percussion instrument?
A tabla
In Carnatic music what are the main drums of choice?
Mridangam and kanjira
On the left of the main musician is a(n)_________.
Accompanying melody player
In Hindustani music the accompanying melody player will most commonly be a …
Harmonium or Sarangi player
In Carnatic music the accompanying melody player would be playing a …
Violin
Behind he ensemble on one or both sides will be a ___________ player.
Tambura
Which instruments echo the main melody in a raga?
Violin, sarangi, or harmonium
The drummer keeps the ________ rhythmic cycle during a raga.
Tala
Which instruments play in unison with the main performer during the composed sections of a raga?
Violin, sarangi, or harmonium
The tambura drones the ________ note throughout the whole performance of a raga.
Tonic
Svara is a Sanskirt term for ____________.
Sound
How many svaras make up the scale?
Seven
The seven pitches are….?
Shadja, Rishabha, Gandhara, Madhyama, Panchama, Dhaivata, and Nishada
How are the pitches regularly designated?
With their first syllables.
What are the pitches referred to as when they are sung?
Carnatic: singing svaras
Hindustani: singing in sargam
What are the singing svaras/singing in sargam?
Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Dha Ni
Writing notation in the ___________ ____________ the ____________ letter is used for the pitch.
Roman Alphabet; first
Saptaka:
Consisting of seven
Saptaka is also referred to as…
Octave
How many pitches are present in the Hindustani and Carnatic octave?
Twelve
How is tuning of pitches accomplished?
By ear
Shruti:
Microtone
_________ is the smallest interval that the ear can discern.
Shruti
The octave consists of how many shrutis?
22
Which pitches have 4 shrutis?
Sa, Ma, and Pa
How many shrutis do Re and Dha have?
Three
Which pitches have 2 shrutis?
Ga and Ni
What idea among others died out in the medieval period?
The moveable tonic
When referring to musicians and listeners alike, shruti can be called a…
Delicate shading of pitch
What gives color and life to a raga?
Shrutis
Gamaka:
The collective profusion of slides, turns, and flourishes
Carnatic theory has how many basic gamakas?
Ten
Name two ornaments involved in Carnatic gamakas.
Andolan (oscillation), sphurita (touch)
Name two ornaments involved in Hindustani gamakas.
Meend (slide), murki (knot)
Notation is merely…
A tool to trigger the students memory
