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561 > Musculoskeletal2 > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal2 Flashcards

1
Q

Who does fibromyalgia usually ocur in

A

women (20-50yrs)

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2
Q

Risk factors for fibromyalgia

A

hypersensitive or prolonged stress response

history of prior trauma or osteoarthritis

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3
Q

What does a biopsy of tender areas in mm in fibromyalgia show

A

microstructural changes (ragged red fibers and mitochondrial changes)

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4
Q

What are mm fibers deficient in in fibromyalgia

A

ATP
phosphocreatine
serotonin

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5
Q

What is ATP

A

transports chemical energy for metabolism

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6
Q

what is phosphocreatine

A

provides rapid reserves of high energy

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7
Q

What is serotonin

A

influences mood, sexual desire/function, appetite, sleep, memory, learning, temp regulation, and social behavior

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8
Q

What are signs and symptoms of fibromyalgia

A 
generalized mm aching
acute pain w/ palpitation of specific tender points
sleep disturbance
depression
anxiety
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9
Q

How to dx fibromyalgia

A

widespread pain for more than 3 months

11/18 tender points

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10
Q

where are tender points found

A

in the neck, shoulders, trunk and limbs (includes tendons and ligaments)

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11
Q

How to treat fibromyalgia

A 
stress reduction
regular exercise
rest
local application of heat or massage PRN
antidepressants
nonesteroidal anti-inflammatory meds
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12
Q

What is the prognosis of fibromyalgia

A

little improvement

learn to manage the disorder to decrease symptoms

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13
Q

what can’t you use for meds in those with fibromyalgia

A

narcotic pain meds (may become adddicted)

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14
Q

What is RA

A

a chronic systemic disorder in which connective tissue throughout the body (joints) are damanged

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15
Q

What is RA probably due to

A

an autoimmune mechanism

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16
Q

When is peak onset of RA

A

middle adulthood (women 3:1)

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17
Q

What does RA do

A

attacks the synovium that lines the jts which destroys cartilage and bone w/in the jt.
Tendons and ligs which hold the bone together are weakened and stretched

18
Q

What is bone ankylosis

A

charateristic of RA

abnormal process of bones joining together w/ another bone causes complete immobility

19
Q

What kind of disorder is RA

A

Autoimmune disorder

20
Q

Signs and symptoms of RA

A 
beings w/ vague systemic signs
fatigue
general aching
inflammation
stiffness
joint inflammation (one or several jts.)
21
Q

What is usually affected 1st in RA

A

hands and feet

22
Q

What are characteristic deformities of the hands

A

Swan neck
boutonniere
ulnar deviation

23
Q

What is swan neck deformity

A

hyperextended pip w/ flexion of DIP

24
Q

What is boutonniere deformity

A

hyperflexion of PIP and DIP hyperextension

25
Q

What is tx for RA

A 
balance b/t rest and activity
OT
Aspirin
NSAIDS
heat and cold
splinting
assistive devices
adl training 
energy conservation
surgery 
jt. protection
26
Q

Wha can develop from RA

A 
fatigue
depression
anorexia
low grade fever
affects adls and mobility
27
Q

What is the prognosis of RA

A

more aggressive meds have resulted in preservation of function
Long term outcome is poor

28
Q

What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) LUPUS

A

Chronic inflammatory disease that occurs when your body’s immune system attacks your own tissues and organs

29
Q

What is inflammation caused by Lupus affect

A

Different body systems: jts, skin, kidneys, blood cells, brain, heart, and lungs

30
Q

Who does Lupus mostly occur in

A

women of childbearing years

african americans and hispanics

31
Q

What is the etiology of Lupus

A

high levels of antinuclear antibodies in serum that targets normal tissue and signals the body to attack itself

32
Q

Signs and symptoms of Lupus

A

vary greatly from person to person

nearly all organs potentially affected

33
Q

What do you need to confirm the dx of Lupus

A

4 manifestations

34
Q

What are the most common symptoms of Lupus

A

arthritis

butterfly rash

35
Q

what is tx for lupus

A

prednisone (steroid)

avoid sun and excessive fatigue

36
Q

What is the prognosis of lupus

A

improved but affects qol

fatalities becoming more rare

37
Q

What are the manifestations of Lupus

A 
Arthralgias/arthritis 
rupture of the intrapatellar and achilles tendon
avascular necrosis of the femoral head
skin manifestation (butterfly rash)
renal damage
pulmonary damage
pericarditis
myocarditis
acute vasculitis
38
Q

What is butterfly rash

A

red flat facial rash over bridge of nose and over cheeks

39
Q

What is myocarditis

A

inflammation of heart muscle

40
Q

wha is pericarditis

A

inflammation of pericardium surrounding heart

41
Q

wha is acute vasculitis

A

impaired blood flow causing stroke or hemorrhages

42
Q

What is fibromyalgia

A

syndrome of diffuse pain, specific tender points in mm, fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression and anxiety

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