Musculoskeletal2

Question 1

Who does fibromyalgia usually ocur in

Answer 1

women (20-50yrs)

Question 2

Risk factors for fibromyalgia

Answer 2

hypersensitive or prolonged stress response

history of prior trauma or osteoarthritis

Question 3

What does a biopsy of tender areas in mm in fibromyalgia show

Answer 3

microstructural changes (ragged red fibers and mitochondrial changes)

Question 4

What are mm fibers deficient in in fibromyalgia

Answer 4

ATP
phosphocreatine
serotonin

Question 5

What is ATP

Answer 5

transports chemical energy for metabolism

Question 6

what is phosphocreatine

Answer 6

provides rapid reserves of high energy

Question 7

What is serotonin

Answer 7

influences mood, sexual desire/function, appetite, sleep, memory, learning, temp regulation, and social behavior

Question 8

What are signs and symptoms of fibromyalgia

Answer 8

generalized mm aching
acute pain w/ palpitation of specific tender points
sleep disturbance
depression
anxiety

Question 9

How to dx fibromyalgia

Answer 9

widespread pain for more than 3 months

11/18 tender points

Question 10

where are tender points found

Answer 10

in the neck, shoulders, trunk and limbs (includes tendons and ligaments)

Question 11

How to treat fibromyalgia

Answer 11

stress reduction
regular exercise
rest
local application of heat or massage PRN
antidepressants
nonesteroidal anti-inflammatory meds

Question 12

What is the prognosis of fibromyalgia

Answer 12

little improvement

learn to manage the disorder to decrease symptoms

Question 13

what can’t you use for meds in those with fibromyalgia

Answer 13

narcotic pain meds (may become adddicted)

Question 14

What is RA

Answer 14

a chronic systemic disorder in which connective tissue throughout the body (joints) are damanged

Question 15

What is RA probably due to

Answer 15

an autoimmune mechanism

Question 16

When is peak onset of RA

Answer 16

middle adulthood (women 3:1)

Question 17

What does RA do

Answer 17

attacks the synovium that lines the jts which destroys cartilage and bone w/in the jt.
Tendons and ligs which hold the bone together are weakened and stretched

Question 18

What is bone ankylosis

Answer 18

charateristic of RA

abnormal process of bones joining together w/ another bone causes complete immobility

Question 19

What kind of disorder is RA

Answer 19

Autoimmune disorder

Question 20

Signs and symptoms of RA

Answer 20

beings w/ vague systemic signs
fatigue
general aching
inflammation
stiffness
joint inflammation (one or several jts.)

Question 21

What is usually affected 1st in RA

Answer 21

hands and feet

Question 22

What are characteristic deformities of the hands

Answer 22

Swan neck
boutonniere
ulnar deviation

Question 23

What is swan neck deformity

Answer 23

hyperextended pip w/ flexion of DIP

Question 24

What is boutonniere deformity

Answer 24

hyperflexion of PIP and DIP hyperextension

Question 25

What is tx for RA

Answer 25

``` balance b/t rest and activity OT Aspirin NSAIDS heat and cold splinting assistive devices adl training energy conservation surgery jt. protection ```

Question 26

Wha can develop from RA

Answer 26

``` fatigue depression anorexia low grade fever affects adls and mobility ```

Question 27

What is the prognosis of RA

Answer 27

more aggressive meds have resulted in preservation of function Long term outcome is poor

Question 28

What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) LUPUS

Answer 28

Chronic inflammatory disease that occurs when your body's immune system attacks your own tissues and organs

Question 29

What is inflammation caused by Lupus affect

Answer 29

Different body systems: jts, skin, kidneys, blood cells, brain, heart, and lungs

Question 30

Who does Lupus mostly occur in

Answer 30

women of childbearing years | african americans and hispanics

Question 31

What is the etiology of Lupus

Answer 31

high levels of antinuclear antibodies in serum that targets normal tissue and signals the body to attack itself

Question 32

Signs and symptoms of Lupus

Answer 32

vary greatly from person to person | nearly all organs potentially affected

Question 33

What do you need to confirm the dx of Lupus

Answer 33

4 manifestations

Question 34

What are the most common symptoms of Lupus

Answer 34

arthritis | butterfly rash

Question 35

what is tx for lupus

Answer 35

prednisone (steroid) | avoid sun and excessive fatigue

Question 36

What is the prognosis of lupus

Answer 36

improved but affects qol | fatalities becoming more rare

Question 37

What are the manifestations of Lupus

Answer 37

``` Arthralgias/arthritis rupture of the intrapatellar and achilles tendon avascular necrosis of the femoral head skin manifestation (butterfly rash) renal damage pulmonary damage pericarditis myocarditis acute vasculitis ```

Question 38

What is butterfly rash

Answer 38

red flat facial rash over bridge of nose and over cheeks

Question 39

What is myocarditis

Answer 39

inflammation of heart muscle

Question 40

wha is pericarditis

Answer 40

inflammation of pericardium surrounding heart

Question 41

wha is acute vasculitis

Answer 41

impaired blood flow causing stroke or hemorrhages

Question 42

What is fibromyalgia

Answer 42

syndrome of diffuse pain, specific tender points in mm, fatigue, sleep disturbance, depression and anxiety