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561 > Bimechanical FOR 2 > Flashcards

Bimechanical FOR 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What does edema do

A

Leads to swelling within tissues in your body

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2
Q

What are early stages of edema

A

Visible puffiness
skin hot to touch
mushy end feel

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3
Q

What do you see in advanced edema

A

Massive swelling
skin cold to touch
impaired range of motion
severe pain

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4
Q

What happens if edema is not treated

A

You can have permanent loss of range of motion, active movement, sensation and decreased nutrition to distal body parts leading to amputation

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5
Q

What is intrinsic tightness

A

When MCP joints placed in extension, would see less PIP flexion

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6
Q

What is extrinsic tightness

A

When MCP joints are placed in flexion you would see less PIP flexion

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7
Q

What is a specialty test for intrinsic tightness

A

Hold MP joint in maximum extension and passively flex the PIP joints. then hold the MP joints in flextion and passively flex the PIP joints.

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8
Q

Specialty test for extrinsic tightness

A

The same as the test for intrinsic tightness but results are opposite.

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9
Q

What do intrinsic muscles act on

A

Only on the digits

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10
Q

What do extrinsic muscles act on

A

The wrist and digits

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11
Q

What does total active motion measure

A

Tendon excursion during MCP/PIP/DIP flexion

Tendon tightness

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12
Q

What Is tendon excursion

A

Distance A tendon travels when a joint moves

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13
Q

How to do total active motion

A

Patient actively flexes all three finger joints at the same time

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14
Q

What is normal TAM

A

260°

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15
Q

How to calculate abnormal TAM

A

Add the degrees of MCP/PIP/DIP flexion and then subtract the degrees of MCP/PIP/DIP extension that is lacking

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16
Q

What are the steps in the assessment decision tree for joint mobility and muscle strength

A
  1. Screen; eyeball PROM
  2. PROM goniometry only for restricted joints
  3. specialty tests for hand ROM or edema
  4. screen for weakness; eyeball AROM (quick AROM)
  5. MMT (generally quick MMT)
  6. goniometry when active range of significantly limited or when manual resistance is contraindicated
  7. individual MMT
  8. muscle palpation
17
Q

Interventions for structural stability

A

Orthoses, braces, splints, positioning devices

  • be aware of skin breakdown
  • have to come out of that position so they don’t become contracted
18
Q

Interventions for edema

A

Elevation-above heart
pressure- co an wrap, jobst stocking, retrograde massage, AROM (allows for natural pump going on in the hand)
contrast baths

19
Q

What do contrast baths do

A

Cause alternate dilation and contraction providing increased blood flow, white blood cell activity and oxygen to speed up the healing

20
Q

Interventions to maintain ROM

A 
PROM 
AAROM 
AROM 
Tenodesis ROM 
Scar remodeling
21
Q

Who do you use tenodesis ROM with

What does it do

A

Those with C6 spinal cord injury

used to promote tightness of the finger flexors for functional mechanical grip

22
Q

What is scar modeling

A

Breaks of collagen and bundles

23
Q

How to do Scar remodeling

A

Deep friction massage

tendon gliding exercising

24
Q

What is the point of deep friction massage

A

Tries to increase pliableness of tissue to be able to complete stretches following deep friction.
Use ball of thumb in circular motion

25
Q

Interventions to increase range of motion

A

Heat: neutral warmth (wrapped in blanket) or modalities (heat packs, paraffin baths, ultrasound, hydrotherapy)
passive stretch
Compensation for limited motion (AT, recliners that lift, built up handles)
Biomechanical activity analysis (analyze tasks, motions, range needed)
activity adaptation (change/modify activity)

26
Q

How does heat increase range of motion

A

But increasing elasticity of collagen fibers

27
Q

When is passive stretch used to increase range of motion

A

Loss of joint range of motion occurs or with joint and limitations due to capsular tightness, spasticity, etc

28
Q

What does passive stretch do

A

Prevent substitution
stretches beyond available range
Preferred to increase end range over active stretch

29
Q

What is manual stretch

A

Slowly stretch to end range then hold 15 to 30 seconds and stretch a little more and then can gently oscillate the joint

30
Q

What is static stretch

A

Achieved by positioning the patient so a body part or device provides the stretch

31
Q

Ways to provide passive stretch

A

Manual stretch

static stretch

32
Q

The benefits of passive stretch

A

Increased range of motion

prepares for functional activity

33
Q

When is active stretch used

A

When patient is fearful or when passive stretch is dangerous

  • Patient has a tendency to protect
  • therapist can’t prevent substitutions
34
Q

What is volumetry

A

More water displaced in a graduated beaker equals more edema

561 (11 decks)

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