Musculoskeletal System Conditions Flashcards
Name 3 causative factors for muscle spasm
Nutrition, ischemia (when a muscle is deprived of oxygen), pregnancy, exercise associated cramp, splinting, underlying conditions.
Name 3 factors that can accelerate calcium loss
Eating too much meat, high caffeine consumption, medications, hyperthyroidism, heavy alcohol use, smoking, inflammatory bowel disease, endocrine disorders, history of eating disorders.
List the 3 typical stages of adhesive capsulitis
An older person experiences pain in shoulder at night, the pain slowly progresses until it loses it’s range of motion (frozen shoulder). It becomes really stiff but not painful, this is the frozen stage. The process eventually reverses and rom is restored, the thawing stage.
Name the difference between sprains and strains
Sprains are an injury to the ligament, where as a strain is an injury to a tendon or muscle.
Identify the substance that causes damage with gout
Mono sodium urate (uric acid) deposits cause gout - an inflammatory arthritis around joints and especially in feet.
Identify the causative agent for Lyme disease
Ticks spread this bacterial infection.
Explain why knees and hips are vulnerable to osteoarhritis
They put up with tremendous weight bearing stress and repetitive movements.
Describe why people with carpal tunnel syndrome may have symptoms proximal to the hand
Carpal tunnel is from an irritation to the median nerve, which runs all up and down the arm, so the pain could be sourced anywhere on the hand, wrist, arm, or neck.
Describe a trigger point “energy crisis”
When a contraction pulls on the rest of the myofiber, it creates a taut band. This causes an increased need for fuel and a decreased supply of blood due to local ischemia.
Name 3 structures that may help to pin or trap the brachial plexus nerves affected by thoracic outlet syndrome
The scalenes, costoclavicular space, or under the coracoid.
Identify the difference between tendinitis and tendinosis.
Tendinitis is a new injury, while tendinosis is a long term degeneration of the tendon.
Identify the role of dystrophin in muscle function
It is a protein that assists the muscles in pulling bony attachments together. Without this protein, muscles would slowly waste away - muscular distrophy.
