Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
What is a contusion?
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
Soft tissue injury
What is a strain?
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
Injury to a muscle or tendon from overuse, overstretching, or excessive stress
What is a sprain?
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
Injury to the ligaments & tendons that surround a joint
What is a joint dislocatin?
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
Articular surfaces of the distal & proximal bones that form the joint are no longer in alignment
Management Goals for Musculoskeletal Injuries
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
- RICE (rest, ice, compression, elevation)
- Maintain adequate neurovascular function
- Monitor for complications
Emergency Management of a Fracture
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
- Immobilize the body part
- Assess neurovascular status before AND after splinting
- Open Fracture: cover with sterile dressing to prevent contamination
- Do NOT try to reduce the fracture
What risks are associated with the use of external fixation of a fracture?
- Infection
- Osteomyelitis
- Sepsis
- Shock
Traction Care
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
- Maintain correct balance between traction pull & counter-traction force
- Care of weights
Skin / extremity inspection (color, temperature, sensation)
- Pin care
- ASSESS NEUROVASCULAR STATUS
TRACTION care pneumonic
- Temperature
- Ropes hang freely
- Alignment
- Circulation check
- Type & location of fracture
- Increase fluid intake
- Overhead trapeze
- No weights on bed or floor
Signs & Symptoms of Compartment Syndrome
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
- Unrelenting pain that does NOT respond to pain medication
- Numbness
- Tingling
- ↓ capillary refill
Emergency Care of Compartment Syndrome
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
- Within 4 hours after the onset of compartment syndrome, neurovascular damage is irreversible
- Fasciotomy may be performed to relieve pressure
5 P’s of Circulatory Check
- Pain
- Paresthesia
- Paralysis
- Pulse
- Pallor
Complications of Fractures
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
- Shock (especially in pelvic fractures –> give isotonic solution)
- Fat embolism
- Compartment syndrome
- Avascular necrosis
- VTE & PE
Care of Patient with Total Hip Arthroplasty
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
- Neurovascular Assessment
- Progression of activity
- Pain Management
- Maintain body alignment (turn to unaffected side, pillow between legs, etc.)
Complications of Amputations
KNOW THIS (IN RED)!!!
- Hemorrhage
- Infection
- Phantom limb pain
