musculoskeletal, fractures, amputations

Question 1

what is the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis?

Answer 1

degeneration of articular cartilage with hypertrophy of the underlying and adjacent bone.

Question 2

what class is the drug “leflunomide/Arava”? which type of arthritis is it used to treat?

Answer 2

DMARD RA

Question 3

To control chronic pain for osteoarthritis, how frequently should the analgesics be administered?

Answer 3

regularly

every 4-6 hours

Question 4

What could be put on a toilet seat for a patient who had a total hop replacement?

Answer 4

raised toilet seat

Question 5

what is the main benefit of a CPM?

Answer 5

maintain range of motion and flexibility and reduce scar tissue formation

Question 6

What in the body does a connective tissue disease affect?

Answer 6

bone, cartilage, ligaments and tendons

Question 7

the patient who is most likely to develop a connective tissue disease is usually this gender?

Answer 7

female - women

Question 8

The function of connective tissue of the body?

Answer 8

bind structures together, provide support for individual organs and a framework for the body as a whole, store fat, transport substances, provide protection and play a role in the repair of damaged tissue

Question 9

when collecting a health history from the patient with a connective tissue disease, what would the nurse be certain to inquire about?

Answer 9

past accidents and injuries

Question 10

what characteristic is diagnostic of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 10

symmetrical joint changes

Question 11

if a patient is taking “alendronate/Fosamax” what does the nurse tell the patient, that is required of the patient?

Answer 11

don’t lie down for 30 minutes

Question 12

Why are glucocorticoid medications are used as the last choice in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 12

suppresses normal immune responses like inflammation

Question 13

What is the physiological reason a patient with osteoporosis should maintain a regular exercise program?

Answer 13

promotes formation of the bones

Question 14

what type of teaching on the renal would need to be done by the nurse for a diagnosis of gout?

Answer 14

kidney stones

Question 15

immediately after surgery, for a patient who had a total knee placement, the nurse would carefully want to assess and document what?

Answer 15

circulation in the affected limb

Question 16

know, for a postmenopausal woman, who is not taking hormone replacement therapy, how many mg of elemental calcium, should the patient take on a daily basis?

Answer 16

1200-1500mg

Question 17

what diagnostic test result would be positive for muscle degeneration, in a patient with “polimyositis”?

Answer 17

muscle biopsy

Question 18

what would be included in the nurses teaching for a patient with carpal tunnel syndrome instructions?

Answer 18

splinting, to prevent flexion and hyperextension

Question 19

Be familiar with discharge instructions that should be given to a patient who had a total hip replacement.

Answer 19

don’t flex more than 90 degrees, and rotating foot out

Question 20

what is an exercise that would benefit a patient with bursitis of the shoulder?

Answer 20

walking the fingers up the wall

Question 21

how does “probenecid/benemid work? and what does it do for gout?

Answer 21

increases urinary excretion of uric acid, reduces buildup of uric acid in joints, takes several weeks to take affect.

Question 22

2 days after surgery for a patient with a crushed pelvis,, know what the signs and symptoms of a fat embolism are?

Answer 22

trouble breathing, respiratory distress, petechia, tachycardia, tachypnea, fever, confusion, decreased consciousness

Question 23

what would a nurse teach an older patient with a newly casted Colles fracture?

Answer 23

move shoulders to prevent stiffness and contractures

Question 24

With a patient who has osteomyelitis after multiple fractures, what type of surgery would follow antibiotic therapy?

Answer 24

removal of dead bone, hardware or both

Question 25

know the signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome

Answer 25

pain with touch or moving that can't be removed with opioid medication. Edema, pallor, weak or unequal pulses, cyanosis, tingling, numbness, paresthesia, relived with a faciotomy

Question 26

with a patient who was just admitted for a pelvic fracture, what would be the nurses assessment of "most concern"

Answer 26

urinary output, perforated bladder

Question 27

what is the "cardinal sign" of a broken hip?

Answer 27

abducted leg, loss of function, eversion of foot

Question 28

what nursing discharge teaching would be related to cast care for a patient with a fractured radius, in a plaster of paris cast?

Answer 28

elevate it

Question 29

what a nurse assisting with an application of a short arm plaster cast would do with the stockinet?

Answer 29

make sure it fits properly so there is no skin breakdown

Question 30

for a patient who sustains a fractured hip and femur in an MVS, who is in russells traction for several weeks, what main complication will the nursing care focus on?

Answer 30

DVT

Question 31

for a 78 year old patient with a history of osteoporosis who fell with a subcapital femoral fracture, who is scheduled for ORIF, what type of traction would the patient be placed in?

Answer 31

buck's

Question 32

what is a comminuted fracture?

Answer 32

broken into multiple small pieces

Question 33

describe the walking instructions to a patient who has avascular necrosis of the hips and needs to walk with crutches using a 4 point gate.

Answer 33

advance right crutch, left foot, left crutch, right foot

Question 34

if a patient has a compound fracture, where does a nurse assess for pulses?

Answer 34

distal to the injury

Question 35

what are the signs and symptoms of an infection underneath a cast?

Answer 35

fever

Question 36

what is the highest priority nursing diagnosis after surgery for a patient with an open reduction and external fixation of the ankle?

Answer 36

risk for infection

Question 37

when a patient has been placed in full "Spica cast" and complains of nausea and abdominal distention, what syndrome should the LVN report?

Answer 37

cast syndrome

Question 38

What is the finding that would produce the most concern when performing pin care for a patient with an external fixator?

Answer 38

drainage

Question 39

if a nurse is performing a neurovascular assessment of a patient in skeletal traction, what abnormal sign does the nurse want to assess?

Answer 39

impaired circulation

Question 40

how should weights that applying traction hang?

Answer 40

freely

Question 41

what is a greenstick fracture?

Answer 41

not broken all the way through

Question 42

what does early ambulation with a pelvic fracture prevent?

Answer 42

DVT

Question 43

if a patient who is having his leg amputated and is also having a prosthesis fitting during surgery, what does the pre-op teaching plan include regarding dressings?

Answer 43

rigid dressings are used to accommodate the prosthesis

Question 44

how long is it before a patient with a BKA can bear weight?

Answer 44

3 months

Question 45

if you have a patient who is 80 years old and has had vascular problems and is scheduled for left BKA, how would you know the patient understands the procedure?

Answer 45

he can repeat back to you that he knows he will be getting a prosthetic

Question 46

what are the two diagnostic tests that are done pre-op for a patient having a BKA

Answer 46

wbc, and vascular studies

Question 47

if a patient has an elbow disarticulation, how will the limb be severed?

Answer 47

through the joint

Question 48

what is the thermographic finding of cool spots in a certain are indicating

Answer 48

decreased blood flow

Question 49

what can a patient with PVD and diabetes do to prevent an amputation, regarding vasoconstriction

Answer 49

stop smoking

Question 50

what pre-operative exercises should be done for a patient undergoing a lower-extremity amputation, what type of training?

Answer 50

strengthen upper body

Question 51

what is the greatest danger in the early post operative period for a patient after amputation?

Answer 51

hemorrhage

Question 52

if a patient comes into the ER with an amputated thumb for a lawn mower accident in a glass jar, what should the nurse do?

Answer 52

wrap the part in a moist cloth and then put it in a sealed bag in ice water

Question 53

if you are a home health nurse for a patient who has a below the elbow prosthesis and they have a limb that is red, edematous, and warm to the touch, what should you do?

Answer 53

leave the prosthesis off

Question 54

what does post operative care for a patient with replantation of the right thumb include?

Answer 54

elevation of the limb

Question 55

what are late signs and symptoms of hemorrhage in the post operative period after an amputation>

Answer 55

hypotension and cyanosis

Question 56

what post operative complication of an amputation should always be reported to a physician?

Answer 56

hemorrhage