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Medical-Surgical Nursing > Endocrine disorders > Flashcards

Endocrine disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

In acromegaly, what is the purpose of the glucose-tolerance test? what does it measure

A

growth hormone concentration

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2
Q

what is the pre-operative teaching for a patient scheduled for transphenoidal hypophysectomy?

A

a pituitary tumor will be removed - no sneezing after the procedure

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3
Q

An excess of what hormone causes the large flattened features of the patient with acromegaly?

A

growth hormone

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4
Q

what are the classic signs and symptoms of diabetes insipidus?

A

problem with posterior pituitary

massive diuresis, excessive thirst, very dilute urine. Massive dehydration.

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5
Q

why must a patient with Addison Disease take hydrocortisone?

A

regulate the excretion of potassium and sodium

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6
Q

what is nephrogenic DI and how does it differ from neurogenic DI?

A

nephrogenic does not respond to ADH and is inherited. Neurogenic is caused by a tumor, or cancer, or trauma

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7
Q

Why would a patient with Addison disease have a disturbed body image related to the color of their skin?

A

hyperpigmentation. bronze or smoky color skin

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8
Q

what is the cardinal indication of pheochromocytoma?

A

its a tumor in the adrenal glands, usually benign, excessive secretion of catecholamines. epinephrine and norepinephrine. Diastolic BP over 115

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9
Q

what are the signs and symptoms of an Adrenal crisis for a patient with Addison’s disease?

A

confusion, it is life threatening. electrolyte imbalances, hypoglycemia, tachycardia

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10
Q

What is the purpose of the lab test to measure the serum level of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)?

A

it is measured to detect elevations of deficiencies in pituitary hormones. Making sure the pituitary gland is sending the right message to the adrenaline gland to release the correct level of ACTH

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11
Q

what would be included in the discharge plan for a patient with Addison Disease related to risk for injury?

A

if they are dizzy, arise slowly, call for help before getting out of bed

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12
Q

why would a patient in adrenal crisis, after receiving the initial dose of IV Solu Cortef, need continued IV Solu Cortef?

A

to maintain blood levels

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13
Q

what would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient who has Addison Disease?

A

wear a medical alert bracelet.

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14
Q

What medication would cause a long term asthma patient to develop Cushing Syndrome?

A

corticosteroids

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15
Q

what are the expected findings when assessing a patient with Cushing Syndrome?

A

moon face, trunk obesity, extremity wastng, buffalo hump, swelling

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16
Q

What instructions would the nurse give a patient with Cushing Syndrome regarding self care?

A

avoid people with infections

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17
Q

what should a nurse anticipate when assessing a patient with Simmonds Cachexia, related to hypopituitarism?

A

muscle and organ wasting

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18
Q

in documenting a care plan for a 10 year old boy with hyperpituitarism, know what the nurse would tell the patient related to disturbed self image

A

they will continue to grow, increased growth

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19
Q

what is the nursing care for a patient who had a hypophysectomy, in which the whole pituitary was removed?

A

hormone replacement for life

20
Q

What are the caused for an Addisonian Crisis?

A

adrenal surgery, pituitary destruction, stress and abrupt steroid removal

21
Q

what is the discharge planning for the patient who underwent a hypophysectomy is focused on?

A

avoid straining, heavy lifting, self care

22
Q

What nursing responses from the nurse would be best for the patient’s family and the patient if the patient has gigantism

A

hyper pituitary acceptance

23
Q

for a patient with hypopituitarism, who must take medications for the rest of their life, what would the teaching plan include?

A

to be educated on signs and symptoms to know if meds are working affectively. Medical alert bracelet, signs of water toxicity

24
Q

what is the drug Sandostatin for and how does it work?

A

acromegaly and it suppresses the growth hormone

25
Q

If a patient complains of headache and nuchal rigidity after a hypophysectomy, based on these assessments, what should the nurse do?

A

meningeal irritation, report it to the physician

26
Q

If a physician orders a T3 and T4, know what levels of these tests would indicate hypothyroidism?

A

decreased/low

27
Q

if a patient starts taking potassium iodide SSKI, know what the nurse should instruct the patient to do?

A

use a straw - to prevent staining teeth

28
Q

if a patient with hyperthyroid, cannot get to sleep, know what the nurse should suggest?

A

encourage bedtime rituals

29
Q

know what significant instructions to give a patient who is scheduled for a thyroid scan?

A

wash hands with soap and water every time you go to the bathroom for 24 hours because of the radiation

30
Q

if a patient had a lab test that showed a high level of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and a low level of T4, know what that would indicate?

A

hypothyroidism

31
Q

know what “exophthalmos” is and when it goes away?

A

bulging eyes, goes away after treatment

32
Q

know the pathophysiology of Graves Disease and how to explain that to a patient?

A

hyperthyroidism - subtotal thyroidectomy, remove most of it. Lifelong medications

33
Q

if a patient was 1 day post-op after subtotal thyroidectomy and noted the patient’s color was poor, pulse and respirations were rapid and the patient felt war to touch, know what the nurses initial implementation should be

A

thyroid storm

34
Q

if a patient had been given the drug “propylthiouracil” know what nursing implementations should include

A

used for hyperthyroidism, watch for hypothyroidism, weight gain and fatigue

35
Q

know what an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient recently diagnosed with hyperthyroidism would be

A

decreased cardiac output, disturbed sleep pattern, hyperthermia, imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirement, risk for injury, disturbed sensory perception, diarrhea

36
Q

a newly diagnosed patient with hypothyroidism begins a drug regimen, know what nurse instructions should be given relative to hormone replacement

A

watch for hyperthyroidism

37
Q

what pre-surgical teaching is included for a patient scheduled for a sub-total thyroidectomy

A

demonstrate how to avoid straining the neck
support the head and neck during position changes
cough and deep breathe

38
Q

after a patient undergoes thyroidectomy, know what explanation you would give the patient for the tracheostomy tray on the bedside table

A

in case of an emergency, the larynx can spasm and close the airway

39
Q

How should a nurse asses for hemorrhage in a post thyroidectomy patient?

A

assess dressing,
check back of the neck for seeping blood
put in high fowlers to prevent swelling

40
Q

how do foods such as soybeans, turnips and rutabagas have an effect on a person with a thyroid disorder?

A

suppresses the thyroid

41
Q

why might an older persons daily dose of thyroid hormone, taken for many years, need to be decreased?

A

metabolism may decrease, so decrease hormone

42
Q

a patient who is 2 days post-op total thyroidectomy, has a carpopedal spasm of the hand. know why this would occur and what the spasm is called

A

low calcium, hypocalcemia

43
Q

how does the nurse initiate “chvostek sign” and what does it indicate?

A

facial nerve, spasm of facial muscle, hypocalcemia

44
Q

what would a patient with hyperparathyroidism exhibit in their history

A

impaired urinary elimination due to renal calculi

45
Q

if a patient who has hyperparathyroidism is to receive the drug Calcitonin (calcimar), know what the patient should be tested for, before receiving this drug

A

sensitivity

46
Q

what is an appropriate nursing diagnosis for a patient with hyperparathyroidism?

A

impaired urinary elimination related to urinary calculi

Medical-Surgical Nursing (11 decks)

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