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Health Assessment + Promotion > Musculoskeletal Definitions > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Definitions Flashcards

1
Q

Lateral movement of a body part away from the midline of the body

A

Abduction

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2
Q

Lateral movement of a body part toward the midline of the body

A

Adduction

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3
Q

In a standing and sitting position a straight line can be drawn from the ear through the shoulder
and hip. In bed, the head, shoulders, and hips are aligned.

A

Alignment

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4
Q

The rounded head of one bone fits into a cuplike cavity in the other. (Shoulder and hip joints) Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation can occur.

A

Ball + Socket Joint

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5
Q

Non-vascular connective tissue found in the joints as well as in the nose, ear, thorax, trachea, and
larynx.

A

Cartilage

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6
Q

Movement of the distal part of the limb to trace a complete circle while the proximal end of
the bone remains fixed. Example: The leg is outstretched and moved in a circle.

A

Circumduction

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7
Q

The oval head of one bone fits into a shallow cavity of another bone. (Wrist joint)
Flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction can occur.

A

Condyloid Joints

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8
Q

Backward bending of the hand or foot.

A

Dorsiflexion

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9
Q

Movement of the sole of the foot outward (occurs at the ankle).

A

Eversion

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10
Q

The state of being in a straight line

A

Extension

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11
Q

A body part turning on its axis away from the midline of the body.

A

External Rotation

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12
Q

Thin bones that contribute to shape. The ribs and several of the skull bones are flat bones.

A

Flat Bones

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13
Q

The state of being bent

A

Flexion

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14
Q

The manner or style of walking. Normal finding: head erect, vertebrae straight, knees and feet point forward, arms at side with elbows flexed, arms swing freely in alteration with leg swings.

A

Gait

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15
Q

Articular surfaces are flat. (Carpal bones of wrist and tarsal bones of feet) Flexion, extension, abduction and adduction can occur.

A

Gliding Joint

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16
Q

Refers to weakness of one half of the body.

A

Hemiparesis

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17
Q

Paralysis of one half of the body.

A

Hemiplegia

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18
Q

A spool-like surface of one bone fits into a concave surface of another bone. (Elbow, knee, and
ankle joints) Only flexion and extension can occur.

A

Hinge Joint

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19
Q

The state of exaggerated extension.

A

Hyperextension

20
Q

A body part turning on its axis toward the midline of the body

A

Internal Rotation

21
Q

Movement of the sole of the foot inward (occurs at the ankle)

A

Inversion

22
Q

An increased thoracic spinal curve. More often seen in older adults

A

Kyphosis

23
Q

Tough fibrous bands that bind joints together and connect bones and cartilage

A

Ligaments

24
Q

Found in the upper and lower extremities contribute to height and length.

A

Long Bones

25
Q

An exaggerated lumbar curve is often seen during pregnancy or in obesity.

A

Lordosis

26
Q

decreased muscle mass due to disuse or neurologic

impairment

A

Atrophy

27
Q

is increased muscle mass resulting from exercise.

A

Hypertrophy

28
Q

The slight residual tension that remains in a resting normal muscle with an intact nerve supply

A

Muscle Tone

29
Q

Decreased tone resulting from disuse or neurologic impairments

A

Flaccidity

30
Q

increased tone that

interferes with movement, also caused by neurologic impairments.

A

Spasticity

31
Q

Paralysis of the legs.

A

Paraplegia

32
Q

Impaired muscle strength or weakness

A

Paresis

33
Q

A ringlike structure that turns on a pivot. (Joints between the proximal ends of the radius and
the ulna) Movement is limited to rotation.

A

Pivot Joint

34
Q

Flexion of the foot. (foot drop)

A

Plantar Flexion

35
Q

The assumption of the prone position.

A

Pronation

36
Q

Paralysis of the arms and legs

A

Quadriplegia

37
Q

The complete extent of movement of which a joint is normally capable.

A

Range of Motion

38
Q

the patient independently moves joints through their full range of motion

A

Active ROM

39
Q

the nurse may provide minimal support.

A

Active-Assistive ROM

40
Q

the patient is unable to move independently and the nurse moves each joint through its range of motion.

A

Passive ROM

41
Q

Turning on an axis.

A

Rotation

42
Q

Bone surfaces are convex on one side and concave on the other. (Joint between the trapezium and metacarpal of the thumb) Movements are side to side and back and forth.

A

Saddle Joint

43
Q

A lateral curvature of the spine with increased convexity on the side that is curved.

A

Scolosis

44
Q

located in the wrist and ankle contribute to movement

A

Short Bones

45
Q

The assumption of the supine position.

A

Supination

46
Q

Strong, flexible, inelastic fibrous bands that attach muscle to bone

A

Tendons

Health Assessment + Promotion (21 decks)

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