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Health Assessment + Promotion > GI Assessment > Flashcards

GI Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Aspirin, anticoagulants.

A

pink to red to

black stool

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2
Q

Iron salts

A

Black Stool

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3
Q

Analgesics (opioids)

A

constipate

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4
Q

Normal Bowel Movement

A

Soft formed bowel
movement every 1 to 3
days without discomfort

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5
Q

Begin auscultation _________ and continue

__________ ending in LLQ.

A

RLQ, Clockwise

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6
Q

• BS occur ________ per min.

A

5-30 times

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7
Q

Higher pitch
⇑ tone, loudness,
frequency
⇑ Bowel Motility

A

Hyperactive bowel sounds

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8
Q

Occurs: > 30/min

A

Hyperactive Bowel Sounds

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9
Q

R/T Diarrhea, partial

bowel obstruction

A

Hyperactive Bowel Sounds

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10
Q

Occurs: 1-4/min

A

Hypoactive Bowel Sounds

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11
Q

Which GI organ’s primary function is
bowel elimination, reabsorbing water
and storing waste?

A

Large Intestine

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12
Q

The process of bearing down to defecate and may

cause cardiac arrhythmia is called…

A

Valsalva Maneuver

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13
Q

When assessing the Gastrointestinal System, we…

A

Inspect
Auscultate
Percussion
Palpation

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14
Q

When we inspect the GI system, we observe for…

A 
Observe contour,
color, symmetry,
distention of
abdomen ,
masses, scars
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15
Q

When we auscultate the GI system, we listen for…

A

Listen for bowel
sounds:
frequency/
characteristics

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16
Q

Percussion is used for __________ practice.

A

Advanced

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17
Q

When the abdomen sounds dull, or creates a “thud” that means…

A

Fluid or mass.

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18
Q

Normal abdominal percussion sounds sound like…

A

a drum, air like.

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19
Q

When we palpate the GI system, we feel for…

A

Light vs Deep;

tenderness, distention, masses, organ enlargement

20
Q

When we assess the anus and rectum, we look for…

A

Stool characteristics, hemorrhoids, skin irritation, masses, lesions

21
Q

When assessing the anus and rectum, palpation is only used in…

A

advanced pratice

22
Q

When assessing stool characteristics, we look for…

A 
Frequency
Volume
Color
Odor
Consistency
Shape
Constitutents
23
Q

What diagnostic tests would indicate the presence of micro-organisms in feces?

A

Stool culture

24
Q

Looks for blood in stool

A

Stool OB (occult blood)

25
Q

When we age, a decrease in digestive juices __________ nutrient absorbtion.

A

decreases.

26
Q

As we age, we have an increase in __________ + __________ .

A

Malnutrition + anemia

27
Q

the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wavelike movements that push the contents of the canal forward.

A

Peristalsis

28
Q

As we age, we have a decrease in ___________ + ___________ .

A

Peristalsis + abdominal muscle tone.

29
Q

As we age, peristalsis decreases, causing ___________ .

A

Constipation

30
Q

Normal Bowel Movement

A

Soft, formed, every 1-3 days

31
Q

Factors to assess for bowels

A 
Usual bowel patterns
Any aids to eliminate?
Recent changes in bowel elimination?
Problems with bowel elimination?
Presence of artificial orifaces? (colostomy?)
32
Q

Causes of constipation?

A

Inactivity, Constipating Medications, Reduced fluids or fiber, laxative abuse, stress.

33
Q

Causes of diarrhea?

A

Bacteria/virus, too much laxative foods/meds, Food intolerance/allergies, Colon Disease, Stress

34
Q

Constipating foods?

A

cheese, pasta, lean

meat, eggs

35
Q

Foods with laxative effects?

A

fruits and vegetables, bran,

chocolate, alcohol, coffee

36
Q

Aspirin/anticoagulants cause…

A

pink to red to black stool

37
Q

Iron salts cause…

A

Black stool

38
Q

Gas producing foods

A

onions, cabbage, beans,

cauliflower

39
Q

Antacids cause…

A

white discoloration or

speckling in stool

40
Q

Antibiotics cause…

A

greengray
color;
diarrhea

41
Q

Analgesics/Opioids cause…

A

Constipation

42
Q

Recommended

food for an older adult who is constipated?

A

Fruit

43
Q

Factors promoting regular BM?

A

Timing, positioning, privacy, nutrition, exercise (abdominal/thigh strengthening)

44
Q

Normal bowel movement occurs every…

A

1-3 w/o discomfort

45
Q

Hypoactive bowel sounds…

A

-Quiet; infrequent
-decreased tone, loudness,
-frequency
-decreased Bowel Motility
-Occurs: 1-4/min
-R/T Constipation, OR, late
bowel obstruction,

46
Q

Hyperactive Bowel Sounds

A 
Higher pitch
Increased tone, loudness,
frequency
Increased Bowel Motility
Occurs: > 30/min
R/T Diarrhea, partial
bowel obstruction
47
Q

Absent Bowel Sounds

A 
No BS assessed
Listen for 2-5 Minutes
each quad
R/T Peritonitis; Paralytic
Ileus; Prolonged
Immobility

Health Assessment + Promotion (21 decks)

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