Musculoskeletal Condition Flashcards
connect 2 or more bones
ligament
connect muscle to bones
tendons
types of muscles
striated, smooth
Who’s bones heal faster, adults or children’s?
Children’s
Involvement of what can cause limb length discrepancy?
Growth Plate
Treatment for bone fractures
casting
displacement needs reduction
Complications of having a Cast
cast syndrome
compartment syndrome
Type of Skin Traction used for hip dysplasia, younger than 3yrs old
Bryant’s traction
Type of Skin Traction used for femur fractures of LCP, weight >12kg
Russell’s Traction
Nursing Care for Skin Traction Devices
Neurovascular checks and skin care q 4hours
Type of Skeletal traction for cervical and thoracic fractures
Crutchfield tongs
Type of Skeletal traction for femur fractures
90/90 femoral
Type of Skeletal traction for Supracondylar fracture of humerus
Dunlap traction
Nursing Care for Skeletal Traction devices
Maintain traction Prevent skin breakdown Assess pin sites Q 8 hours of s/s of infection Promote good nutrition Manage pain Distraction
Complications of Skeletal Traction Devices
pneumonia, ischemia, osteomyelitis
Foot deformity diagnosed as a newborn
Signs and symptoms
Foot is plantar-flexed with an inverted heel with adducted forefoot
Rigid – cannot be manipulated
Club Foot
Nursing Care for CLub Foot
Serial casting
Manage pain
Passive ROM
Surgery
Aseptic necrosis of the femoral head
Males > females
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
4 Stages of Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
Aseptic necrosis
Revascularization
New bone formation
Regenerative phase
Signs and symptoms
Hip/knee pain/stiffness
Pain increases with activity
Legg-Calve Perthes Disease
Goal of Legg-Calve Perthes Disease
keep the femoral head in acetabulum
Top of femur slips through the epiphysis posteriorly
Males > females
More common in obese children
Cause unknown – may have a genetic component
Slipped Capital femoral Epiphysis
S&S of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
Hip, thigh, or knee pain
Limp
Nursing Care/Goal of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
No weight bearing
Goal is to prevent further slippage
Surgery – pinning or osteotomy
Painful prominence of the tibial tubercle
Common in active school-age kids and adolescents
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
What is Osgood-Schlatter Disease
repetitive injury and repair to the tibial tubercle when patellar tendon attaches
S&S of Osgood-Schlatter Disease
Pain below kneecap
Aggravated by activity, relieved by rest
Nursing care of Osgood-Schlatter Disease
RICE, NSAIDs, Elastic wrap over knee
Infection of the bone and soft tissues
Osteomyelitis
S&S
Localized tenderness, redness, warmth
Pain on palpation
Osteomyelitis
Nursing Care of Osteomyelitis
Administer intravenous antibiotics
Promote rest and manage pain
Complications of Osteomyelitis
Necrosis, growth plate involvement
Case gradual wasting of SYMMETRICAL groups of skeletal muscle
Muscular Dystrophies
most common and most serious type of muscular dystrophies
Duschenne’s
S&S of muscular dystrophies
Waddling, wide-based gait
Nursing Care of Muscular Dystrophies
Rarely live beyond 20 years
Maintain independence
Multi-disciplinary collaboration
Nonpainful lateral curvature of the spine
Most common spinal deformity in children
Scoliosis
S&S of Scoliosis
Lateral curvature
Nursing Care of Scoliosis
Bracing and Exercise, Spinal Fusion
Nonpainful spinal curvature in the sagittal plane “hunchback”
Kyphosis
S&S of Kyphosis
Uneven shoulder height
Thoracic pain
Nursing Care of Kyphosis
Exercises
Bracing
Surgery
What do you monitor for in Spinal Fusion?
monitor fluid balance
Monitor for SIADH
AKA Brittle bone disease
Genetic disease of excessive fragility of the bones – high rate of fracture
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)
S&S of Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI):
Laxjoints
Small and Weak Muscles
What medication do you give to a patient with Osteogenesis Imperfecta?
Reclast
Nursing Care for OSteogenesis Imperfecta (OI)
Give medication (Reclast)
Rule out child abuse
Surgical rod placement
