Metabolic or Endocrine Condition Flashcards
Beta cell destruction in pancreas (insulin dependent)
Autoimmune – genetic with precipitating factors
DM 1
Signs and symptoms:
Polyuria/Polydipsia/
Polyphagia
Weight loss
Fruity breath
What is it??
DM 1
Diagnosis of DM 1:
Elevated blood glucose >200
Elevated hemoglobin
A1C >7.0
+glucose and ketones in urine
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Signs and symptoms:
Fruity breath
Kussmaul breathing
Fatigue, malaise, N/V, 3P’s, weight loss
What is it??
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Diagnosis of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA):
Significantly elevated blood glucose
+glucose and ketones in urine
Lab values (CO2
Nursing Care for DKA
IV fluids & replace electrolytes
Insulin drip
Resistance to insulin
Increasingly common in pediatrics with obesity epidemic
Reversible
Type II Diabetes
Diagnosis of Type II Diabetes
Two fasting glucose levels >125 or two random glucose levels >200
Hemoglobin A1C >6.5
Nursing care for Type II Diabetes:
Oral medications if hgb A1C 6.2-9.0
Insulin for hgb A1C >9.0
function as messengers and coordinators
hormones
Function of endocrine system
secrete hormones to regulate bodily functions
Signs and symptoms Delayed growth within first 2 years of life (
Hypopituitary (Growth Hormone Deficiency)
Diagnosis of Hypopituitary (Growth Hormone Deficiency)
Growth chart evaluation, labs (endocrine), bone age x-ray, Brain MRI
Normal puberty onset for girls and boys
Girls: 8-13y Boys: 9.5-14y
Incidence of puberty is 5x higher in girls than boys
Pituitary Hyperfunction (Precocious Puberty)
Signs and symptoms: Boys: facial hair, penile growth, increased masculinity Girls: breast development, onset of menarche Increase in LH, FSH, testosterone What is it??
Pituitary Hyperfunction (Precocious Puberty)
What do you give a patient with Pituitary Hyperfunction (Precocious Puberty)
GnRH agonist administration
Excessive amounts of GH releasedcausing excessive growth of long bones in adulthood after growth plates closed
Acromegaly
Excessive amounts of GH releasedcausing excessive growth of long bones in childhood before growth plates close
Gigantism